Table 3 Frailty and impairments by frailty domain, associated with seven adverse health states
From: The importance of different frailty domains in a population based sample in England
| Â | All | Men | Women |
|---|---|---|---|
Adjusted Odds Ratio (95% CI) | Adjusted Odds Ratio (95% CI) | Adjusted Odds Ratio (95% CI) | |
At least one fall in past year | |||
Frailtya | 2.83 (2.55–3.14) | 3.10 (2.66–3.60) | 2.66 (2.31–3.07) |
Frailty domain:b | |||
 Physical impairment | 2.56 (2.30–2.87) | 3.05 (2.57–3.60) | 2.21 (1.91–2.56) |
 Nutritive impairment | 1.84 (1.47–2.29) | 1.64 (1.11–2.42) | 1.93 (1.47–2.55) |
 Cognitive impairment | 1.62 (1.44–1.83) | 1.72 (1.43–2.05) | 1.53 (1.30–1.81) |
 Sensory impairment | 1.19 (1.08–1.31) | 1.22 (1.05–1.41) | 1.22 (1.06–1.40) |
Unable to get unaided, out and about on foot outside the house | |||
Frailtya | 4.18 (3.72–4.69) | 4.96 (4.15–5.94) | 3.90 (3.34–4.57) |
Frailty domain: | |||
 Physical impairment | 9.11 (7.99–10.38) | 10.55 (8.57–13.00) | 8.06 (6.80–9.55) |
 Nutritive impairment | 2.29 (1.80–2.91) | 1.85 (1.21–2.84) | 2.43 (1.77–3.33) |
 Cognitive impairment | 0.92 (0.79–1.07) | 0.97 (0.76–1.23) | 0.88 (0.72–1.09) |
 Sensory impairment | 1.12 (0.99–1.28) | 1.18 (0.96–1.45) | 1.23 (1.04–1.47) |
No walking or less than 1 h/day spent walking | |||
Frailtya | 2.46 (2.21–2.73) | 2.54 (2.18–2.96) | 2.38 (2.05–2.76) |
Frailty domain:b | |||
 Physical impairment | 2.32 (2.07–2.60) | 2.42 (2.04–2.87) | 2.28 (1.96–2.65) |
 Nutritive impairment | 2.16 (1.73–2.70) | 2.08 (1.42–3.05) | 2.25 (1.71–2.96) |
 Cognitive impairment | 1.24 (1.09–1.41) | 1.26 (1.05–1.52) | 1.22 (1.02–1.46) |
 Sensory impairment | 1.30 (1.17–1.45) | 1.26 (1.08–1.46) | 1.31 (1.13–1.53) |
Some problems or unable to wash or dress oneself | |||
Frailtya | 7.26 (6.26–8.41) | 8.40 (6.73–10.48) | 6.47 (5.30–7.89) |
Frailty domain:b | |||
 Physical impairment | 8.52 (7.22–10.05) | 9.70 (7.57–12.44) | 7.61 (6.10–9.50) |
 Nutritive impairment | 2.25 (1.75–2.89) | 1.99 (1.30–3.06) | 2.43 (1.78–3.31) |
 Cognitive impairment | 1.90 (1.61–2.26) | 2.35 (1.83–3.01) | 1.58 (1.25–2.00) |
 Sensory impairment | 1.31 (1.11–1.54) | 1.27 (0.99–1.64) | 1.32 (1.05–1.65) |
Some problems or unable to perform usual activities | |||
Frailtya | 5.90 (5.28–6.58) | 6.34 (5.42–7.43) | 5.72 (4.91–6.68) |
Frailty domain:b | |||
 Physical impairment | 9.43 (8.34–10.66) | 9.37 (7.79–11.29) | 9.21 (7.81–10.87) |
 Nutritive impairment | 2.61 (1.99–3.42) | 2.56 (1.61–4.08) | 2.43 (1.74–3.40) |
 Cognitive impairment | 1.51 (1.32–1.73) | 1.51 (1.24–1.83) | 1.50 (1.25–1.81) |
 Sensory impairment | 1.62 (1.46–1.81) | 1.71 (1.46–2.01) | 1.72 (1.47–2.01) |
Does not have a lot of energy, all or most of the time | |||
Frailtya | 5.86 (5.15–6.67) | 6.14 (5.14–7.32) | 5.91 (4.88–7.17) |
Frailty domain:b | |||
 Physical impairment | 6.24 (5.41–7.20) | 5.82 (4.73–7.16) | 6.36 (5.21–7.77) |
 Nutritive impairment | 5.06 (3.43–7.46) | 6.98 (3.41–14.28) | 3.98 (2.45–6.19) |
 Cognitive impairment | 2.27 (1.99–2.63) | 2.43 (2.00–2.95) | 2.14 (1.75–2.62) |
 Sensory impairment | 1.60 (1.41–1.72) | 1.51 (1.31–1.74) | 1.91 (1.64–2.23) |
Accomplishes less than likes, all or most of the time, due to physical health | |||
Frailtya | 6.74 (5.94–7.65) | 7.64 (6.30–9.27) | 6.25 (5.28–7.39) |
Frailty domain:b | |||
 Physical impairment | 8.27 (7.20–9.49) | 8.74 (7.05–10.83) | 7.76 (6.47–9.30) |
 Nutritive impairment | 3.26 (2.54–4.18) | 3.64 (2.37–5.58) | 3.96 (2.18–4.02) |
 Cognitive impairment | 1.52 (1.30–1.78) | 1.60 (1.26–2.02) | 1.46 (1.18–1.81) |
 Sensory impairment | 1.40 (1.22–1.61) | 1.40 (1.12–1.74) | 1.47 (1.22–1.78) |