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Table 3 Association of dysphagia and postoperative pneumonia with poor prognosis in hip fracture patients ≥65 years of age

From: The prevalence, risk factors and prognostic implications of dysphagia in elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery in Korea

Variables

Analytic model

Odds ratio

95% CI

P

Dysphagia

 Postoperative pneumonia

Model 1

4.52

1.64–12.48

0.004

Model 2

3.19

1.10–9.21

0.032

Model 3

3.12

1.05–9.27

0.041

 ICU admission

Model 1

2.34

1.02–5.36

0.045

Model 2

1.48

0.61–3.59

0.392

Model 3

1.55

0.62–3.88

0.352

 Deatha

Model 1

2.00

0.79–5.03

0.141

Model 2

1.23

0.46–3.27

0.683

Model 3

1.20

0.44–3.23

0.724

Postoperative pneumonia

 ICU admission

Model 1

5.59

2.52–12.42

< 0.001

Model 2

3.60

1.51–8.59

0.004

Model 3

4.56

1.85–11.28

0.001

 Deatha

Model 1

3.73

1.60–8.70

0.002

Model 2

2.50

1.02–6.16

0.046

Model 3

2.56

1.03–6.33

0.042

  1. Abbreviations: CI confidence interval, BMI body mass index, ASA American Society Anesthesiologists, ICU intensive care unit
  2. Variables included in the model were based on univariate analysis
  3. Notes: a death within 6 months after surgery
  4. 1. Model 1 was adjusted for age and gender
  5. 2. Model 2 was adjusted for age, gender, BMI, ASA classification ≥3, and albumin level < 3.5 g/dL
  6. 3. Model 3 was adjusted for age, gender, BMI, ASA classification ≥3, albumin level < 3.5 g/dL, dementia, delirium, and method of anaesthesia