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Table 1 Descriptive Statistics for All Study Variables

From: Five-factor model personality traits and cognitive function in five domains in older adulthood

Variable

Mean (SD); range or %

 Age (years)

76.49 (7.36); 65–99

 Sex (female)

60%

 Race (African American)

14%

 Race (Other)

4%

 Race (white)

82%

 Hispanic (yes)

9%

 Education (years)

12.93 (2.98); 0–17

 Language of HCAP administration (Spanish)

4%

 Mini-Mental State Examination

27.13 (3.26); 1–30

Personality

 

 Neuroticism

1.91 (.58); 1–4

 Extraversion

3.18 (.57); 1–4

 Openness

2.87 (.57); 1–4

 Agreeableness

3.50 (.51); 1–4

 Conscientiousness

3.26 (.40); 1–4

Memory

 

 CERAD Immediate (n = 2816)

4.39 (1.77); 0-10a

 CERAD Delayed (n = 2803)

5.33 (2.55); 0–10

 CERAD Recognition (n = 2807)

9.03 (1.61); 0–10

 Brave Man Immediate (n = 2807)

7.27 (2.32); 0–12

 Brave Man Delayed (n = 2770)

5.31 (3.23); 0–12

 Logical Memory Immediate (n = 2790)

10.20 (5.01); 0–23

 Logical Memory Delayed (n = 2762)

7.73 (5.37); 0–25

 Logical Memory Recognition (n = 2756)

10.47 (2.64); 0–15

 Composite (n = 2817)

−.01 (.74)b

Speed-Attention-Executive

 Letter Cancellation (n = 2721)

20.28 (6.61); 0–65

 Backward Count (n = 2786)

30.50 (10.71); 0–70

 Symbol Digit (n = 2715)

33.73 (11.94); 0–71

 Trails A (n = 2736)

51.66 (30.77); 3–300

 Trails B (n = 2471)

123.62 (57.58); 32–300

 Composite (n = 2808)

−.02 (.47)b

Visuospatial

 

 Constructional Praxis Immediate (n = 2796)

8.39 (2.22); 0–11

 Constructional Praxis Delayed (n = 2792)

6.09 (3.12); 0–11

 Raven Matrices (n = 2791)

12.73 (3.67); 0–17

 Composite (n = 2808)

−.01 (.84)b

Verbal Fluency (n = 2816)

16.52 (6.39); 0–43

Number Series (n = 2457)

523.95 (30.44); 409–584

  1. Note. N = 2865. The analytic ns vary for cognition due to missing data. a After the first trial, participants completed two additional trials, in which the same words were presented. Participants read the words again and were then asked to recall all words after each presentation. We follow the Weir et al. (2016)‘s guidelines and use the first trial as the measure of immediate recall. Participants overall did better on delayed recall because they practiced the same list three times. For this reason, the mean number of words recalled is higher for delayed than immediate recall. b Score is a composite of multiple tasks that were standardized before aggregating