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Table 2 Clinical and demographic characteristics (total n = 162)

From: Self-reported oral health in the Dutch 100-plus Study of cognitively healthy centenarians: an observational cohort study

Age, median (IQR)

100.9 (100.2–102.1)

Gender, female N (%)

120 (74)

Education, N (%)

 Low

76 (47)

 Medium

62 (38)

 High

23 (14)

 Missing value

1 (1)

Cognitive functioning, MMSE, median (IQR)a

26 (23–28)

 Missing value, N (%)

8 (5)

Living situation, N (%)

 Community-dwelling, or independent in a residence with available services

82 (50)

 Fulltime assistance at home residence

3 (2)

 In a residential care center

67 (41)

 In a nursing home

3 (2)

 With family

6 (4)

 Missing value

1 (1)

Independence in ADL, BI median (IQR)b

15 (11–19)

 Independent (scores ≥15), N (%)

79 (49)

 Dependent (scores < 15), N (%)

61 (38)

 Missing value

22 (13)

Mobility, N (%)

 Able to walk independently, with or without a walking stick or walker

112 (69)

 Able to walk with help of another person

11 (7)

 Able to move independently in a wheelchair

11 (7)

 Not able to move independently in a wheelchair

9 (5)

 Missing value

19 (12)

Prescription medication categories, median (IQR)

3 (5–7)

 Cardiac medication, N (%)

86 (53)

 Diuretics, N (%)

76 (47)

 Anti-coagulants, N (%)

73 (45)

 Antacids, N (%)

66 (41)

 Analgesic, N (%)

41 (25)

 Sedatives, N (%)

26 (16)

 Laxatives, N (%)_

29 (18)

 Antidiabetics, N (%)

8 (5)

 Antidepressants, N (%)

4 (3)

 Iron supplements, N (%)

11 (7)

 Other, N (%)

80 (49)

 Missing value

10 (6)

Disease history, yes N (%)

 Cardiovascular disease

86 (53)

 Musculoskeletal disease

69 (43)

 Sensory problems

49 (30)

 Cancer

30 (19)

 Autoimmune disease

10 (6)

 Other

63 (39)

 Missing value

55 (34)

Preservation of teeth, N (%)

 Edentulous/no removable complete dental prostheses

2 (1)

 Dentate without removable partial dental prosthesis

10 (6)

 Dentate with removable partial dental prosthesis

16 (10)

 Edentulous and removable complete dental prostheses

134 (83)

Oral pain or discomfort, N (%)

 No

123 (76)

 Sometimes

13 (8)

 Yes

7 (4)

 Missing value

19 (12)

Chewing ability, N (%)

 Good

106 (65)

 Rather good

23 (14)

 Poor

10 (6)

 Not able

3 (2)

 Missing value

20 (13)

Xerostomia, median (IQR)c

6 (5–7)

 Yes (scores ≥8), N (%)

30 (18)

 No (scores < 8), N (%)

108 (67)

 Missing value

24 (15)

Time period since last visit to an oral health care provider, N (%)

 Less than 1 year

29 (18)

 1 to 5 years

29 (18)

 5 to 10 years

14 (8)

 More than 10 years

79 (49)

 Missing value

11 (7)

  1. Values are presented by number (N) and percentage (%) or median and IQR. aScore range of the MMSE: 0 to 30. Higer scores indicate better performance. bScore range of the Barthel Index: 0 to 20. Higher scores indicate more independency in ADL. cScore range of the xerostomia questionnaire: 5 to 15. Higher scores indicate more xerostomia symptoms. BI=Barthel Index. MMSE = Mini-Mental State Examination. ADL = Activities of daily living. IQR = Interquartile range. SD = Standard Deviation