Fig. 1

Graphical display of the four clusters in the first two components of the multiple correspondence analysis. TUG, Timed Up and Go Test; SPPB, Short Physical Performance Battery; TFI, Tilburg Frailty Indicator; GFST, Gérontopôle Frailty Screening Tool. The first component can be interpreted as robust (left side) vs frail (right side) index. The second component seems to differentiate two types of frailty: functional frailty as measured by the SPPB or TUG (bottom) and frailty identified by clinical judgment or self-report of health and social status as measured by the GFST or TFI (top). Black dots in the plane represent the categories of the active variables included in the multiple correspondence analysis, empty dots represent the sex, included as illustrative variable in the analysis. The closer the points are, the stronger the relationship between the categories. Relative positions of the subjects in this plane are represented by different symbols, depending on the subtype provided by the cluster analysis