Medication in use | Intervention group (N = 65) | Control group (N = 64) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline | At 12 months | Adjusted mean change [95% CI] or adjusted OR (95% CI) for change | p for change | Baseline | At 12 months | Adjusted mean change [95% CI] or adjusted OR (95% CI) for change | p for change | Ph for the difference in change between the groups | |
Number of all medications, mean (SD) | 13.5 (3.9) | 14.1 (3.8) | 0.77 [0.05–1.48] | 0.04 | 12.7 (4.30) | 12.95 (4.03) | 0.52 [−0.37–1.41] | 0.25 | 0.59 |
Harmful medicationa user, n (%) | 56 (86.2) | 57 (87.7) | 1.15 (0.63–2.10) | 0.66 | 51 (79.7) | 51 (79.7) | 1.00 (0.63–1.60) | 1.00 | 0.73 |
Beers Criteria [23] medication user, n (%) | 61 (93.9) | 63 (96.9) | 2.12 (0.34–13.2) | 0.42 | 58 (90.6) | 57 (89.1) | 0.84 (0.39–1.82) | 0.66 | 0.36 |
Psychotropic medicationb user, n (%) | 43 (66.2) | 45 (69.2) | 1.15 (0.78–1.72) | 0.48 | 32 (50.0) | 30 (46.9) | 0.88 (0.62–1.25) | 0.48 | 0.32 |
Anticholinergic medicationc user, n (%) | 18 (27.7) | 17 (26.2) | 0.92 (0.58–1.42) | 0.74 | 12 (18.8) | 12 (18.8) | 1.00 (0.75–1.33) | 1.00 | 0.77 |
CNS medicationd user, n (%) | 56 (86.2) | 53 (81.5) | 0.69 (0.34–1.41) | 0.31 | 45 (70.3) | 43 (67.2) | 0.86 (0.49–1.50) | 0.59 | 0.64 |
Therapeutic duplication | |||||||||
Proportion using > 3 psychotropic medicationsb, n (%) | 13 (20.0) | 12 (18.5) | 0.81 (0.53–1.22) | 0.31 | 6 (9.4) | 5 (7.8) | 0.82 (0.41–1.62) | 0.57 | 0.97 |
Proportion using > 2 serotonergic medications [27], n (%) | 13 (20.0) | 16 (24.6) | 1.35 (0.88–2.06) | 0.17 | 5 (7.8) | 7 (10.9) | 1.47 (0.69–3.16) | 0.32 | 0.84 |
Use of special ATC classes | |||||||||
Antipsychotics userse, n (%) | 13 (20.0) | 15 (23.1) | 1.20 (0.72–2.01) | 0.48 | 7 (10.9) | 7 (10.9) | 1.00 (0.64–1.57) | 1.00 | 0.59 |
BZDf users, n (%) | 32 (49.2) | 30 (46.2) | 0.88 (0.62–1.25) | 0.48 | 21 (32.8) | 20 (31.3) | 0.93 (0.64–1.35) | 0.70 | 0.83 |
Opioidg users, n (%) | 18 (27.7) | 17 (26.2) | 0.92 (0.55–1.55) | 0.76 | 22 (34.4) | 20 (31.3) | 0.87 (0.58–1.29) | 0.48 | 0.85 |
PPI (ATC A02BC) user, n (%) | 30 (46.2) | 30 (46.2) | 1.00 (0.78–1.29) | 1.00 | 30 (46.9) | 33 (51.6) | 1.21 (0.92–1.59) | 0.17 | 0.31 |
Drug-drug interactions (DDI) | |||||||||
Clinically significant DDI (class D) [24], n (%) | 7 (10.8) | 6 (9.2) | 0.84 (0.39–1.79) | 0.65 | 1 (1.6) | 0 (0) | NA | 0.32i | NA |