From: Diet quality and cognitive function in mid-aged and older men and women
Total (n = 617) | Men (n = 302) | Women (n = 315) | |
---|---|---|---|
B (95% CI) | B (95% CI) | B (95% CI) | |
DGI-2013 | |||
Crude | 0.03 (0.01, 0.05)* | 0.04 (0.01, 0.08)** | − 0.01 (− 0.05, 0.03) |
Adjusted | 0.01 (− 0.01, 0.04) | 0.03 (0.00, 0.07)* | − 0.01 (− 0.04, 0.03) |
Dietary variety | |||
Crude | 0.06 (− 0.20, 0.33) | 0.09 (− 0.24, 0.42) | − 0.09 (− 0.44, 0.27) |
Adjusted | 0.02 (− 0.21, 0.24) | 0.09 (− 0.17, 0.35) | − 0.05 (− 0.36, 0.26) |
Vegetable serves | |||
Crude | 0.33 (0.09, 0.57)* | 0.23 (− 0.06, 0.52) | 0.22 (− 0.15, 0.58) |
Adjusted | 0.21 (− 0.01, 0.43) | 0.23 (− 0.04, 0.51) | 0.21 (− 0.13, 0.55) |
Fruit serves | |||
Crude | 0.07 (− 0.15, 0.30) | 0.09 (− 0.20, 0.39) | − 0.16 (− 0.75, 0.42) |
Adjusted | − 0.03 (− 0.28, 0.21) | 0.11 (− 0.17, 0.40) | − 0.20 (− 0.75, 0.35) |
Grain foods serves | |||
Crude | −0.24 (− 0.52, 0.04) | 0.21 (− 0.02, 0.44) | − 0.58 (− 1.00, − 0.16)** |
Adjusted | −0.18 (− 0.46, 0.09) | 0.12 (− 0.11, 0.34) | n = 305a − 0.29 (− 0.74, 0.15) |
Wholegrain bread | |||
Crude | |||
“I don’t eat bread/white bread” | ref | ref | ref |
“high fibre white/multigrain/other” | 1.52 (0.53, 2.51)** | 1.28 (0.35, 2.22)** | 1.69 (− 0.05, 3.43) |
“Wholemeal/rye” | 1.26 (0.26, 2.27)* | 0.47 (− 0.90, 1.83) | 2.15 (0.63, 3.66)** |
Adjusted | |||
“I don’t eat bread/white bread” | n = 605 refa | n = 294 refa | ref |
“high fibre white/multigrain/other” | 1.32 (0.42, 2.23)* | 1.06 (−0.01, 2.12) | 1.35 (− 0.36, 3.06) |
“Wholemeal/rye” | 0.83 (−0.12, 1.79) | 0.47 (− 0.75, 1.70) | 1.25 (− 0.18, 2.69) |
Meat and alternatives serves | |||
Crude | 0.16 (− 0.16, 0.48) | 0.11 (−0.26, 0.49) | 0.13 (− 0.33, 0.59) |
Adjusted | 0.11 (− 0.15, 0.38) | 0.12 (− 0.21, 0.46) | 0.11 (− 0.27, 0.50) |
Dairy serves | |||
Crude | 0.11 (− 0.05, 0.27) | 0.29 (0.04, 0.53) | − 0.08 (− 0.37, 0.21) |
Adjusted | 0.12 (− 0.06, 0.30) | 0.24 (− 0.01, 0.48) | 0.03 (− 0.32, 0.37) |
Fluid serves | |||
Crude | 0.09 (−0.02, 0.20) | 0.20 (0.09, 0.31)** | −0.06 (− 0.24, 0.12) |
Adjusted | 0.05 (−0.06, 0.16) | 0.14 (0.01, 0.27)* | −0.01 (− 0.20, 0.18) |
Discretionary foods serves | |||
Crude | −0.05 (− 0.20, 0.11) | 0.02 (− 0.11, 0.15) | 0.07 (− 0.24, 0.38) |
Adjusted | 0.06 (− 0.10, 0.22) | 0.06 (− 0.07, 0.19) | 0.07 (− 0.25, 0.38) |
Trimming fat from meat | |||
Crude | |||
“Never/rarely” | ref | ref | ref |
“Sometimes” | 0.48 (−0.87, 1.83) | 0.77 (− 0.58, 2.12) | − 0.02 (−2.60, 2.55) |
“Usually/always/I don’t eat meat” | 0.74 (− 0.21, 1.68) | 0.25 (− 0.85, 1.36) | 0.87 (− 0.31, 2.04) |
Adjusted | |||
“Never/rarely” | ref | ref | ref |
“Sometimes” | 0.77 (−0.60, 2.13) | 1.18 (− 0.18, 2.53) | − 0.01 (−2.60, 2.58) |
“Usually/always/I don’t eat meat” | 0.38 (− 0.30, 1.06) | 0.28 (− 0.63, 1.19) | 0.48 (− 0.71, 1.68) |
Type of milk drunk | |||
Crude | |||
“Whole” | ref | ref | ref |
“Don’t know/soy” | −0.37 (−1.66, 0.92) | − 0.76 (−2.54, 1.02) | −0.94 (− 2.86, 0.98) |
“I don’t drink milk/low fat/skim” | 0.52 (− 0.14, 1.18) | 0.50 (− 0.39, 1.38) | 0.17 (− 0.89, 1.23) |
Adjusted | |||
“Whole” | ref | ref | ref |
“Don’t know/soy” | −0.90 (−2.20, 0.39) | − 0.91 (− 2.45, 0.63) | −0.99 (− 2.85, 0.87) |
“I don’t drink milk/low fat/skim” | 0.23 (− 0.46, 0.92) | 0.48 (− 0.35, 1.31) | −0.03 (− 1.09, 1.03) |
Unsaturated fat oils and spreads serves | |||
Crude | 0.21 (−0.16, 0.58) | −0.04 (− 0.54, 0.46) | 0.61 (0.19, 1.02)** |
Adjusted | 0.16 (−0.16, 0.48) | − 0.05 (− 0.47, 0.37) | n = 314a 0.41 (− 0.02, 0.84) |
Salt added after cooking | |||
Crude | |||
“Never” | ref | ref | ref |
“Sometimes” | −0.03 (− 0.70, 0.65) | −0.52 (−1.50, 0.45) | 0.44 (− 0.58, 1.47) |
“Usually” | − 0.17 (− 1.02, 0.68) | −0.73 (− 2.21, 0.74) | 0.58 (− 0.38, 1.54) |
Adjusted | |||
“Never” | ref | ref | ref |
“Sometimes” | 0.07 (−0.59, 0.73) | −0.27 (−1.29, 0.76) | 0.41 (− 0.58, 1.40) |
“Usually” | 0.11 (− 0.79, 1.00) | −0.32 (− 1.83, 1.18) | 0.54 (− 0.33, 1.41) |
Salt added during cooking | |||
Crude | |||
“Never” | ref | ref | ref |
“Sometimes” | −0.49 (−1.29, 0.32) | − 0.88 (− 1.88, 0.13) | −0.11 (− 1.24, 1.02) |
“Usually” | −1.41 (−2.51, − 0.30)* | −1.95 (−3.12, − 0.78)** | −0.78 (− 2.24, 0.68) |
“Don’t know” | −1.45 (−4.15, 1.25) | −1.03 (− 3.82, 1.76 | n/a |
Adjusted | n = 612 | n = 294 | |
“Never” | refa | refa | ref |
“Sometimes” | −0.49 (−1.14, 0.16) | −0.65 (− 1.48, 0.18) | −0.13 (− 1.26, 0.99) |
“Usually” | −1.12 (−2.04, − 0.19) | −1.37 (− 2.39, − 0.35)* | −0.47 (− 1.70, 0.76) |
“Don’t know” | − 0.93 (− 2.98, 1.13) | −0.91 (− 3.04, 1.21) | n/a |
High sugar food serves | |||
Crude | −0.41 (− 0.83, 0.01) | −0.22 (− 0.60, 0.16) | −0.35 (− 1.55, 0.85) |
Adjusted | − 0.18 (− 0.57, 0.21) | −0.07 (− 0.44, 0.30) | −0.42 (− 1.44, 0.60) |
Alcohol serves | |||
Crude | 0.07 (−0.15, 0.29) | 0.15 (−0.12, 0.43) | 0.42 (− 0.12, 0.96) |
Adjusted | n = 613a 0.14 (−0.117, 0.46) | 0.20 (− 0.14, 0.54) | 0.55 (− 0.11, 1.21) |