Table 1 Characteristics of the study population of people aged 60 and more (n = 2207)

 Age

72.12 (7.77)

77.77 (7.41)

< 0.001^b

76.43 (7.29)

< 0.001^b

 Gender

Females

1325 (60.04)

254 (19.17)

0.002^c

509 (38.42)

0.001 ^c

Males

882 (39.96)

124 (14.06)

280 (31.75)

 Place of residence

Town

931 (42,18)

122 (13.10)

< 0.001 ^c

280 (30.08)

< 0.001 ^c

Village

1276 (57.82)

256 (20.06)

509 (39.89)

 Marital status

In relationship

1382 (62.62)

173 (12.52)

< 0.001 ^c

396 (28.65)

< 0.001 ^c

Single

825 (37.38)

205 (24.85)

393 (47.64)

 Education

At most vocational

1400 (63.43)

282 (20.14)

< 0.001 ^c

551 (39.36)

< 0.001 ^c

At least secondary

807 (36.57)

96 (11.90)

238 (29.49)

 Income^a

up to 2000 PLN and less / person

1061 (69.71)

207 (19.51)

0.002 ^c

414 (39.02)

< 0.001 ^c

2001 PLN and more

461 (30.29)

59 (12.80)

130 (28.20)

 BMI

27.46 (4.69)

27.49 (5.28)

0.346 ^b

27.59 (4.90)

0.512 ^b

 Pain on the VAS scale

3.58 (2.91)

5.73 (2.71)

< 0.001^b

5.18 (2.80)

< 0.001^b

 Number of chronic diseases

4.94 (3.55)

6.87 (3.58)

< 0.001 ^b

6.34 (3.70)

< 0.001 ^b

 Physical activity performed daily, with a minimum of 150 min per week

No

1568 (71.05)

333 (21.09)

< 0.001 ^c

626 (39.92)

< 0.001 ^c

Yes

639 (28.95)

45 (7.04)

163 (25.51)

 Physical exercises performed to strengthen muscles and improve physical performance

No

1701 (77.07)

308 (18.11)

0.025 ^c

632 (37.15)

0.012 ^c

Minimum once a week

506 (22.93)

70 (13.83)

157 (31.03)

 Social activity and participation

No

1716 (77.75)

303 (17.66)

0.217 ^c

603 (35.14)

0.264 ^c

Yes

491 (22.25)

75 (15.27)

186 (37.88)

 Maintenance of social contacts

No

825 (37.38)

253 (30.67)

< 0.001 ^c

420 (50.91)

< 0.001 ^c

Yes

1382 (62.62)

125 (9.04)

369 (26.70)

 Maintenance of good relations with relatives

No

811 (36.75)

252 (31.07)

< 0.001 ^c

420 (51.79)

< 0.001 ^c

Yes

1396 (63.25)

126 (9.03)

369 (26.43)

 Presence of barriers and obstacles (including architectural, communication, social and other barriers) in the environment of the respondent

No

1132 (51.29)

38 (3.36)

< 0.001 ^c

174 (15.37)

< 0.001 ^c

Yes

1075 (48.71)

340 (31.63)

615 (57.21)

 Assessment of the residential conditions related to the presence of barriers/facilitators to everyday functioning

Unsatisfied / very unsatisfied

577 (26.14)

119 (20.62)

< 0.001 ^c

227 (39.34)

< 0.001 ^c

Neither satisfied / nor unsatisfied

729 (33.03)

138 (18.93)

282 (38.68)

Satisfied / very satisfied

901 (40.82)

121 (13.43)

280 (31.08)