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Table 3 Comparison of anti-osteoporotic medication treatment initiated after hip fracture and mortality risk

From: Adherence to anti-osteoporosis medication associated with lower mortality following hip fracture in older adults: a nationwide propensity score-matched cohort study

Study

[Ref. no.]

Country

Design of included studies

No. of patients

Study population

Follow-up durations, means (Y)

AOM choice

Within Time to AOM

Mortality risk (95% CI)

Cree et al.

(2003) [16]

Canada

Prospective,

Observational

81 (treated)

275 (non-treated)

F and M

Age ≥ 65

4Y

HRT, BO, calcitonin, vit-D3

Post-fx 6 M (37%)

0.25 (0.06–1.12) 1-year.

0.34 (0.17–0.70) long-term.

Lyles et al.

(2007) [17]

International, multicenter

RCT

1065 (treated)

1062 (placebo)

F and M

Age ≥ 50

1.9 Y

Zoledronic acid

Post-op 90D

0.72

(0.56–0.93)

Cecilia et al.

(2009) [18]

Spain

RCT

119 (treated)

120 (placebo)

F and M

Age ≥ 60

1Y

Alendronate

Post-op 2-4D

0.86 (.29–1.89)

Nurmi et al.

(2009) [19]

Finland

Prospective,

Observational

103 (treated)

118 (non-treated)

F and M

Age ≥ 70 (80.5%)

4Y

HRT, BO, vit-D3, calcitonin, SERM, teriparatide

NA

0.8–0.98

Cameron et al.

(2010) [20]

Australia

Nested case-control

83 (treated)

366 (non-treated)

F and M

Age ≥ 65

5 Y

BO, HRT, vit-D3, calcitonin

NA

0.20 (0.07–0.55) BO use in the first 3 years

Non-BO use: unremarkable

Beaupre et al.

(2011) [21]

Canada

Prospective, Observational

101 (treated)

108 (non-treated)

F and M

Age ≥ 50

3Y

Alendronate (68%), Risedronate (21%), Etidronate (11%).

Post-fx 1Y (97%),

Post-fx 1-2Y (2%),

Post-fx 3Y (1%)

0.37 (0.28–0.51) per Year

0.92 (0.88–0.97) per Month

Osaki et al.

(2012) [22]

Japan

Prospective

Observational

184 (treated)

445 (non-treated)

F

Age ≥ 70 (93.6%)

3Y

Risedronate

At the time of discharge from hospital

0.29 (0.04–2.37)

Bondo et al.

(2013) [23]

Danish

Retrospective, Observational

1086 (treated)

2147 (non-treated)

F and M

Age ≥ 55

3.8Y

BO

Post-fx 4 M

0.76 (0.68–0.85)

Brozek et al.

(2016) [24]

Austrian

Retrospective, Observational

2166 (treated)

4332 (non-treated)

F and M

Age ≥ 50

4Y

BO

Post-fx 1Y

0.24 (0.15–0.40) 90-days

0.43 (0.36–0.52) 1-year

0.48 (0.42–0.55) 3-year

Cengiz et al.

(2016) [25]

Turkey

RCT

56 (treated)

58 (placebo)

F and M

Age ≥ 65

1Y

Zolendronic acid

Post-op 2 W

0.41 (0.20–0.86)

Current study

(2019)

Taiwan

Retrospective, Observational

2092 (treated)

2092 (non-treated)

F and M

Age ≥ 65

5Y

BO, raloxifene, calcitonin, teriparatide

Post-fx 6 M

0.63 (0.58–0.68) Treated

0.42 (0.31–0.52) Adherence

0.84 (0.75–0.93) Non-adherence

  1. Post-op post-operative; Post-fx post-fracture; Y year; D day; M month; W week BO Bisphosphonate; RCT randomized control trial; AOM anti-osteoporotic medication; CI confidence interval; NA not available