From: The burden of respiratory infections among older adults in long-term care: a systematic review
Author, Publication Year | Study Design | Country | Study Dates | Type of study | Age, Mean (SD)*, in years | n Infected / N at Risk†| Estimate of Occurrence |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cartter et al., 1990 [33] | Retrospective Cohort | United States | December 1, 1984 to April 10, 1985 | Outbreak | Median: Nursing Home A: 84 Nursing Home C: 85 | Nursing Home A: 3 / 16 Nursing Home C: 25 / 126 | Nursing Home A Incidence Proportion: 18.8% Nursing Home C Incidence Proportion: 19.8% |
Langmore et al., 2002 [41] | Cross-sectional | United States | 1993–1994 | Non-outbreak | Age ≥ 85, 49.4%; Age 65 to 84, 51.6% | 3118 / 102,755 | Prevalence: 3.0% |
Konetzka et al., 2004 [34] | Retrospective Cohort | United States | 1996 | Non-outbreak | 83.5 (7.4) | 766 / 5899 | Prevalence Proportion: 13.0% |
Quagliarello et al., 2005 [21] | Prospective Cohort | United States | February 2001 to March 2003 | Non-outbreak | 84.7 (8) | 112 / 613 | Incidence Proportion: 18.3% |
Won et al., 2006 [35] | Retrospective Cohort | United States | June 1998 to December 2000 | Non-outbreak | 83.4‡ | 75 / 3547 | Prevalence Proportion: 2.1% |
Givens et al., 2010 [22] | Prospective Cohort | United States | 2003 to 2009 | Non-outbreak | 86 (7.0) | 133 / 323 | Incidence Proportion: 41.2% |
Aparasu et al., 2013 [36] | Retrospective Cohort | United States | July 1, 2001 to December 31, 2003 | Non-outbreak | 83.5 (8.1) | Atypical Antipsychotic‡: 295 / 3609 Typical Antipsychotic‡: 188 / 3609 | Atypical Antipsychotic Incidence Proportion: 8.17%; Atypical Antipsychotic Incidence Rate‡: 4.61 cases per person-year; Typical Antipsychotic Incidence Proportion: 5.21%; Typical Antipsychotic Incidence Rate‡: 5.21 cases per person-year |
Huybrechts et al., 2011 [32] | Retrospective Cohort | Canada | January 1, 1996 to March 31, 2006 | Non-outbreak | 83.8 (6.9)§ | Prevalence: 920 / 10,900; Incidence: 265 events / 2890 person-years | Prevalence Proportion: 8.4%; Incidence Rate: 9.17 per 100 person-years |
Sund-Levander et al., 2007 [23] | Prospective Cohort | Sweden | 2000–2003 | Non-outbreak | 84.6 (6.7)|| | 44 / 234 | Incidence Proportion: 28.9% |
te Wierik et al., 2012 [24] | Prospective Cohort | Netherlands | January to March 15, 2010 | Outbreak | 90.1 (1.1) | 9 / 140 | Incidence Proportion: 6.4%** |
Rummukainen et al., 2013 [43] | Cross-sectional | Finland | 2011 | Non-outbreak | Age > 85, 49%** | 75 / 5262 | Prevalence Proportion: 1.4% |
Sarabia-Cobo et al., 2016 [25] | Prospective Cohort | Spain | 2011–2013 | Non-outbreak | 88.7 (6.8) | 1330 / 2384 | Prevalence Proportion: 55.8% |
Fukushima et al., 2008 [26] | Prospective Cohort | Japan | December 1, 2003 to March 28, 2004 | Non-outbreak | 85 | 17 / 284 | Incidence Proportion: 6.0% |
Wu et al., 2010 [40] | Randomized Controlled Trial | Taiwan | 2004 | Non-outbreak | 82.3 (8.3) | No data / 74 | Traditional Model Incidence Rate: 0.17 cases per 1000 bed-days; Integrated Care Model Incidence Rate: 0.07 cases per 1000 bed-days††|
Doi et al., 2014 [37] | Retrospective Cohort | Japan | Winter 2014 | Outbreak | 81.5 (8.5) | 5 / 99 | Prevalence Proportion: 5.1% |
Kikutani et al., 2015 [27] | Prospective Cohort | Japan | No data | Non-outbreak | 86.7 (7.8) | 33 / 691 | Incidence Proportion: 4.8% |