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Table 3 Univariate and multivariate analyses of factors related to malnutrition

From: Lower dietary variety is a relevant factor for malnutrition in older Japanese home-care recipients: a cross-sectional study

 

Malnourished

(n = 59)

Non-malnourished

(n = 258)

p-value†

Univariate OR (95%CI)

p-value

Multivariate OR (95%CI)

p-value

Age, years

  < 84

22(14.4)

131(85.6)

 

1

 

1

 

  ≥ 84 (median)

37(22.6)

127(77.4)

0.083

1.7(1–3.10)

0.06

1.44(0.76–2.73)

0.267

Sex

 Male

19(16.1)

99(83.9)

 

1

 

1

 

 Female

40(20.1)

159(79.9)

0.456

1.3(0.7–2.4)

0.38

1.48(0.73–2.98)

0.274

Marital status

 Married

24(14.7)

139(85.3)

 

1

 

1

 

 Others

35(22.7)

119(77.3)

0.083

1.70(1–3)

0.07

1.2(0.60–2.32)

0.627

Charlson Comorbidity Index, score

  < 2

18(12.3)

128(87.7)

 

1

 

1

 

  ≥ 2 (median)

41(24.1)

129(75.9)

0.009

2.3(1.2–4.1)

0.008

2.08(1.08–4.00)

0.028

DSS

 Within normal limits (=7)

28(12.3)

200(87.7)

 

1

 

1

 

 Others (< 7)

31(34.8)

58(65.2)

< 0.001

3.8(2.1–6.9)

< 0.001

3.86(2.08–7.17)

< 0.001

FFS, score

 Q4 (Highest: 23–30 points)

15(13.8)

94(86.2)

 

1

 

1

 

 Q3 (21–22 points)

9(16.1)

47(83.9)

 

1.20(0.5–2.9)

0.69

1.1(0.42–2.80)

0.874

 Q2 (16–20 points)

15(19.0)

64(81.0)

 

1.5(0.7–3.2)

0.34

1.3(0.56–2.98)

0.558

 Q1 (Lowest: 0–15 points)

20(27.4)

53(72.6)

0.024

2.4(1.1–5.00)

0.02

2.30(1.02–5.19)

0.044

    

(Trend: p = 0.025)

 

(Trend: p = 0.049)

 
  1. OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, DSS Dysphagia Severity Scale, FFS food frequency score, Q quartile
  2. †Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test