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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the populations used for the cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses, respectively

From: The impact of muscle function, muscle mass and sarcopenia on independent ageing in very old Swedish men

 

Total population in cross-sectional analyses n = 287

Participants who were followed up in longitudinal analyses n = 127

Age (years), mean ± SD

86.6 ± 1.0

86.5 ± 1.0

Educational level, n (%)

 Low

140 (49)

56 (44)

 Medium

88 (31)

44 (35)

 High

59 (21)

27 (21)

Physical activity, n (%)

 Sedentary

49 (24)

13 (14)

 Moderate

82 (40)

42 (47)

 Regular

69 (33)

30 (33)

 Athletic

6 (3)

5 (6)

Living with someone, n (%)

137 (65)

67 (73)

Smoking status, n (%)

 Smoker

16 (6)

4 (3)

 Former smoking

155 (54)

64 (50)

 Never smoking

116 (40)

59 (46)

Charlson Comorbidity Index, n (%)

 0

111 (39)

60 (47)

 1

104 (36)

51 (40)

  ≥ 2

72 (25)

16 (13)

Body mass index, kg/m2, mean ± SD

25.6 ± 3.3

25.8 ± 3.0

Total fat mass, kg, mean ± SD

22.2 ± 7.5

22.8 ± 7.4

EWGSOP1

 Sarcopenia, n (%)

60 (21)

25 (20)

EWGSOP2

 Probable sarcopenia, n (%)

209 (73)

81 (64)

 Confirmed sarcopenia, n (%)

58 (20)

24 (19)

 Severe sarcopenia, n (%)

5 (2)

1 (0.8)

Skeletal muscle index, kg/m2, mean ± SD

7.5 ± 0.8

7.5 ± 0.7

  < 7.0 kg/m2

72 (25)

34 (27)

  < 7.26 kg/m2

109 (38)

49 (39)

Gait speed, m/s, mean ± SD

1.4 ± 0.3

1.5 ± 0.3

  ≤ 0.8 m/s

16 (6)

2 (2)

Hand grip strength, kg, mean ± SD

30.2 ± 6.5

31.2 ± 6.1

  < 27 kg

79 (28)

32 (25)

  < 30 kg

132 (46)

53 (42)

Chair stand test, s, mean ± SD

17.9 ± 7.1

16.4 ± 6.0

  > 15 s

148 (61)

54 (48)

  1. SD standard deviation, EWGSOP European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People