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Table 1 Characteristics of the population by nighttime sleep, daytime napping and total sleep

From: Association between nighttime-daytime sleep patterns and chronic diseases in Chinese elderly population: a community-based cross-sectional study

 

Nighttime sleep

P-value

Daytime napping

P-value

Total sleep

P-value

≤ 6.5 h

>  6.5 h

Non-nappers

≤ 45 min

>  45 min

≤ 7.0 h

>  7.0 h

No. subjects (%)

2252 (47.5)

2488 (52.5)

 

2112 (43.4)

1752 (36.0)

1004 (20.6)

 

2642 (55.7)

2098 (44.3)

 

Age (years)

74.30 (6.90)

73.65 (7.18)

0.002

73.41 (7.03)

74.42 (7.10)

74.24 (6.98)

< 0.001

74.07 (6.88)

73.81 (7.27)

0.215

Female (%)

1306 (60.2)

1238 (51.4)

< 0.001

1169 (57.8)

924 (55.0)

516 (52.3)

0.014

1519 (59.7)

1025 (50.5)

< 0.001

BMI (kg/m2)

24.15 (4.29)

26.30 (61.86)

0.119

27.79 (86.89)

24.26 (4.46)

24.35 (4.64)

0.135

24.24 (4.75)

26.61 (67.59)

0.087

Physical activity (Met·h/week)

38.99 (131.08)

37.72 (159.27)

0.801

41.52 (198.05)

38.90 (110.72)

29.74 (36.14)

0.215

39.30 (148.82)

37.12 (143.81)

0.666

Number of family members

2.58 (1.35)

2.55 (1.19)

0.391

2.60 (1.32)

2.54 (1.22)

2.57 (1.26)

0.315

2.59 (1.33)

2.55 (1.18)

0.277

Family income (yuan, RMB)

6965.84 (12,668.88)

7253.11 (9542.72)

0.424

6889.40 (7815.00)

7011.88 (7484.94)

7733.63 (19,094.86)

0.188

6891.92 (11,754.57)

7393.42 (10,298.42)

0.164

Smoking status (%)

  

< 0.001

   

0.375

  

< 0.001

 Non-smoker

1808 (85.4)

1868 (80.1)

 

1578 (81.8)

1405 (84.0)

750 (82.1)

 

2109 (85.0)

1567 (79.6)

 

 Ex-smoker

172 (8.1)

263 (11.3)

 

205 (10.6)

147 (8.8)

87 (9.5)

 

218 (8.8)

217 (11.0)

 

 Current smoker

135 (6.4)

201 (8.6)

 

146 (7.6)

120 (7.2)

76 (8.3)

 

152 (6.1)

184 (9.3)

 

Alcohol consumption (%)

  

0.525

   

0.444

  

0.388

 None or < once/month

1960 (89.1)

2156 (88.2)

 

1778 (88.2)

1508 (88.0)

887 (90.1)

 

2304 (89.2)

1812 (87.9)

 

 Past alcohol drinker (>once/month)

201 (9.1)

247 (10.1)

 

204 (10.1)

168 (9.8)

84 (8.5)

 

239 (9.2)

209 (10.1)

 

 Current alcohol drinker (>once/month)

39 (1.8)

41 (1.7)

 

33 (1.6)

36 (2.1)

14 (1.4)

 

41 (1.6)

39 (1.9)

 

Any of chronic diseases (%)

1685 (85.9)

1772 (82.0)

0.001

1501 (83.0)

1279 (82.3)

740 (88.2)

< 0.001

1938 (84.9)

1519 (82.6)

0.051

Diabetes (%)

363 (17.8)

451 (19.9)

0.085

366 (19.5)

298 (18.9)

164 (17.9)

0.597

435 (18.2)

379 (19.8)

0.194

CVD (%)

1277 (56.7)

1348 (54.2)

0.086

1106 (52.4)

982 (56.1)

582 (58.0)

0.006

1447 (54.8)

1178 (56.1)

0.358

Dyslipidemia (%)

634 (28.2)

638 (25.6)

0.056

542 (25.7)

484 (27.6)

273 (27.2)

0.359

724 (27.4)

548 (26.1)

0.338

Cancer (%)

93 (4.7)

82 (3.8)

0.145

78 (4.3)

57 (3.7)

44 (5.0)

0.329

102 (4.4)

73 (4.0)

0.518

Arthritis (%)

389 (17.3)

307 (12.3)

< 0.001

266 (12.6)

283 (16.2)

160 (15.9)

0.003

424 (16.0)

272 (13.0)

0.003

  1. Unless indicated otherwise, data are given as the mean ± SD or as number and percentages
  2. Abbreviations: BMI body mass index, PAL physical activity level