Table 1 Characteristics of elderly adults with and without mood disorder. Values are counts (percentages) unless stated otherwise

Age (n = 315,045)

51.74

.001

 65–69

(25.0)

(22.6)

(2.4)

 70–74

(25.9)

(23.4)

(2.5)

 75–79

(23.9)

(21.7)

(2.3)

 80–84

(16.5)

(15)

(1.5)

  > 85

(8.7)

(7.9)

(0.8)

Education (n = 306,895)

284.40

.001

 Illiterate

(5.4)

(4.8)

(0.6)

 Self-taught

(2.2)

(2)

(0.2)

 Elementary school

(23.6)

(21.2)

(2.4)

 Junior high school

(14.7)

(13.2)

(1.4)

 Senior high school

(23.0)

(20.8)

(2.2)

 Vocational school

(8.7)

(7.9)

(0.8)

 University

(19.9)

(18.3)

(1.6)

 Master’s degree and above

(2.6)

(2.4)

(0.2)

Gender (n = 315,045)

1285.19

.001

 Male

(47.6)

(42.1)

(5.4)

 Female

(52.4)

(48.4)

(4)

Marital status (n = 315,045)

144.45

.001

 Unmarried

(4.5)

(4.1)

(0.4)

 Cohabitating

(0.4)

(0.4)

(0)

 Married–living together

(74.2)

(67.4)

(6.8)

 Married–living separately

(2.1)

(1.9)

(0.2)

 Divorced

(1.3)

(1.2)

(0.1)

 Widowed

(17.5)

(15.6)

(1.9)

Living alone (n = 315,045)

9.40

.002

 Yes

(6.7)

(6)

(0.7)

 No

(93.3)

(84.5)

(8.8)

Drinking milk (n = 273,621)

146.69

.001

 Yes

(52.0)

(47.3)

(4.7)

 No

(48.0)

(43.0)

(5.0)

Eating at least three servings of vegetables and two of fruits (n = 273,343)

1428.72

.001

 Yes

(77.3)

(70.7)

(6.6)

 No

(22.7)

(19.6)

(3.1)

Long-term medication (n = 315,045)

1140.09

.001

 Yes

(74.3)

(66.5)

(7.8)

 No

(25.7)

(24.0)

(1.7)

Smoking status (n = 309,030)

9.66

.008

 Non-smoking

(94.6)

(85.6)

(9.0)

 Daily smoking

(1.3)

(1.2)

(0.1)

 Smoking after a meal

(4.1)

(3.7)

(0.4)

Alcohol frequency (n = 314,285)

121.67

.001

 Non-drinking

(80.5)

(72.7)

(7.9)

 Daily drinking

(2.2)

(2.0)

(0.2)

 Occasional drinking

(17.3)

(15.9)

(1.4)

The frequency of physical activity (n = 261,870)

46.38

.001

 Never

(11.8)

(4.9)

(6.9)

 Three to five times per week

(54.2)

(30.7)

(23.5)

 Occasionally

(34)

(16.2)

(17.8)

Body Mass Index (n = 313,262)

33.36

.001

  < 18.5

(4.2)

(3.7)

(0.4)

 18.5–23.9

(46.5)

(42.1)

(4.5)

 24.0–26.9

(31.5)

(28.6)

(2.9)

 27.0–29.9

(13)

(11.8)

(1.2)

 30.0–34.9

(4.3)

(3.9)

(0.4)

  ≥ 35.0

(0.5)

(0.49)

(0.01)

Number of chronic diseases (n = 315,018)

15.41

.118

 0

(29.5)

(26.8)

(2.7)

 1

(43.2)

(39.1)

(4.1)

 2

(19.4)

(17.5)

(1.9)

 3

(6.2)

(5.6)

(0.6)

 4

(1.4)

(1.2)

(0.1)

  ≥ 5

(0.3)

(0.2)

(0.1)