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Table 4 Subjects taking drugs increasing risk of pre-renal impairment of kidney function (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs + angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin II receptor blockers + diuretics)

From: Use of renal risk drugs in a nation-wide Polish older adult population: an analysis of PolSenior database

Drug combinations

Total population (n = 4514)

CC

sMDRD

<  60 ml/min (n = 1734)

≥ 60 ml/min (n = 2780)

<  60 ml/min/1.73m2 (n = 855)

≥ 60 ml/min/1.73m2 (n = 3659)

ACEI/ARB + diuretic; n (%)

840 (16.61)

391 (22.55)*

449 (16.15)

278 (32.51)#

562 (15.36)

ACEI/ARB + NSAID; n (%)

225 (4.56)

86 (4.59)

139 (5.00)

50 (5.85)

175 (4.78)

Diuretic + NSAID; n (%)

163 (3.61)

71 (4.09)

92 (3.31)

54 (6.32)#

109 (2.98)

ACEI/ARB + diuretic + NSAID; n (%)

98 (2.17)

39 (2.25)

59 (2.11)

31 (3.63)#

67 (1.83)

  1. *p < 0.05 vs. patients with CC ≥ 60 ml/min
  2. #p < 0.05 vs. patients with sMDRD ≥60 ml/min/1.73m2
  3. ACEI Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; sMDRD = short Modification of Diet in Renal Disease study equation; ARB = angiotensin II receptor blocker; CC = creatinine clearance; NSAID = nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug