Table 2 Demographic, metabolic and cognitive sample characteristics

 UMC Utrecht, n (%)

33

 Charité Berlin Campus Virchow, n (%)

114

 Charité Berlin Campus Mitte, n (%)

55

Male, n (%)

121

Age, years, mean ± SD

72.12 ± 4.74

 Missing

28

 Never smokers

54

 Former smokers

93

 Current smokers

27

History of coronary heart disease, n (%)

28

History of stroke, n (%)

9

History of transient ischemic attack, n (%)

6

History of diabetes, n (%)

39

 Non-insulin dependent diabetes, n (%)

23

 Insulin-dependent diabetes, n (%)

16

History of dyslipidemia, n (%)

40

Body mass index (BMI; kg/m²), mean ± SD

27.12 ± 4.39

Serum glucose (mmol/L), median (interquartile range)

5.77 (5.27–6.49)

HbA1c^a (mmol/mol), mean ± SD

39.68 ± 8.20

Triglycerides (TG) (mmol/L), median (interquartile range)

1.31 (1.04–1.79)

Total cholesterol^a (mmol/L), mean ± SD

4.88 ± 1.12

Low-density lipoprotein^a (LDL-C) (mmol/L), mean ± SD

3.11 ± 0.98

High-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) (mmol/L), mean ± SD

1.27 ± 0.43

  Underweight (BMI ≤ 18.5 kg/m²), n (%)

2

  Normal/overweight (BMI 18.6–29.9 kg/m²), n (%)

155

  Obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m²), n (%)

45

Elevated blood pressure^b, n (%)

123

Elevated fasting glucose^b, n (%)

125

Elevated TG^b, n (%)

60

Reduced HDL-C^b, n (%)

69

Metabolic syndrome (MetS)^b, n (%)

72

 0

27

 1

41

 2

62

 3

41

 4

21

 5

10

Factor of global ability g, mean ± SD

−0.06 ± 1.01

Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE)^a, median (interquartile range)

29 (28–30)

MMSE< 27^a, n (%)

12