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Table 1 Characteristics of included studies

From: Limited evidence for diagnosing bacterial skin infections in older adults in primary care: systematic review

Author, year and country

Study type

Study setting

Number of participants

Age (years)

Index tests

Reference Test

Heudorf et al. 2012

Germany [34]

Cross-sectional

Nursing homes

3732

11% under 65 years

Incontinence

Disorientation

Wounds

Pressure sores

Adapted McGeer criteria; physician diagnosis of infection was included as a criterion to avoid under-estimation of the infection rate due to lack of on-site diagnostic testing.

Magaziner et al. 1991 USA [35]

Cross-sectional

Long term care facilities/Nursing homes

4259

> 65

Incontinence

Skin ulcer

A combination of symptoms/signs/lab investigations. Not all patients had a bacterial skin culture.