Variable | QOL score (Self-perceived) | QOL score (Family-reported) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | 95%CI |  |  | 95%CI |  | |||
Beta | Lower limit | Upper limit | p-value | Beta | Lower limit | Upper limit | p-value | |
Age | −0.10 | −0.10 | 0.06 | 0.59 | −0.19 | −0.14 | 0.04 | 0.27 |
Gender | ||||||||
 Female (vs. male) | −0.25 | −3.02 | 0.46 | 0.14 | −0.23 | −2.78 | 0.52 | 0.18 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 0.14 | −0.10 | 0.27 | 0.38 | −0.04 | −0.22 | 0.17 | 0.80 |
Household status | ||||||||
 Not alone (vs. alone) | 0.11 | −1.42 | 2.82 | 0.51 | 0.02 | −2.32 | 2.60 | 0.91 |
Marital status | ||||||||
 Married | 0.00 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 Widow/widower | 0.31 | −0.30 | 3.50 | 0.10 | 0.45 | 0.31 | 4.21 | 0.02 |
 Divorced | 0.05 | −2.82 | 4.03 | 0.72 | 0.16 | −1.43 | 8.49 | 0.16 |
 Single | −0.25 | −4.76 | 0.40 | 0.10 | 0.03 | −2.97 | 3.62 | 0.84 |
Economic status | ||||||||
 With financial support | 0.00 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 Self-supporting | −0.16 | −2.64 | 1.03 | 0.38 | 0.00 | −2.04 | 1.99 | 0.98 |
 Well-off | 0.10 | −1.53 | 2.75 | 0.57 | 0.27 | −0.78 | 3.77 | 0.19 |
Visual acuity | ||||||||
 Impaired (vs. not impaired) | 0.13 | −0.74 | 2.63 | 0.27 | 0.12 | −0.73 | 2.21 | 0.32 |
Hearing ability | ||||||||
 Impaired (vs. not impaired) | −0.20 | −2.81 | 0.47 | 0.16 | −0.28 | −3.10 | 0.01 | 0.06 |
Communication | ||||||||
 Impaired (vs. not impaired) | − 0.02 | −3.02 | 2.71 | 0.91 | −0.28 | −3.72 | 0.13 | 0.07 |
CCI | 0.02 | −0.37 | 0.42 | 0.90 | 0.08 | −0.27 | 0.47 | 0.59 |
Polypharmacy (≥6 medications) | ||||||||
 Yes (vs. No) | −0.30 | −2.82 | −0.29 | 0.02 | −0.10 | −1.74 | 0.73 | 0.42 |
Independence scale of the disabled elderly | ||||||||
 Independence | 0.00 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 Pre-bedridden status | 0.15 | −1.41 | 2.99 | 0.47 | 0.21 | −1.28 | 3.51 | 0.35 |
 Bedridden status | −0.08 | −2.86 | 2.01 | 0.73 | 0.10 | −2.02 | 3.03 | 0.69 |
Barthel index (scores) | −0.10 | − 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.60 | 0.25 | −0.01 | 0.05 | 0.22 |
Bedsore | ||||||||
 Yes (vs. no) | −0.08 | −3.10 | 1.77 | 0.58 | 0.06 | −2.06 | 3.12 | 0.68 |
Denture use | ||||||||
 Yes (vs. no) | −0.04 | −1.58 | 1.16 | 0.76 | −0.06 | −1.70 | 1.07 | 0.65 |
Feeding intake form | ||||||||
 Oral form | 0.00 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 Oral form plus tube feeding | 0.27 | −0.47 | 6.06 | 0.09 | 0.21 | −0.85 | 4.74 | 0.17 |
 Tube feeding | 0.25 | −0.32 | 11.72 | 0.06 | −0.05 | −5.45 | 3.87 | 0.74 |
Dysphagia Severity Scale | ||||||||
 Dysphagia (vs. no dysphagia) | 0.08 | −1.57 | 2.65 | 0.61 | 0.13 | −0.95 | 2.49 | 0.37 |
MNA-SF (scores) | 0.23 | −0.12 | 0.54 | 0.20 | 0.30 | −0.07 | 0.56 | 0.12 |
Serum albumin level (g/dL) | −0.02 | −1.33 | 1.11 | 0.86 | −0.09 | −1.64 | 0.84 | 0.52 |