Frailty, transition in frailty status and all-cause mortality in older adults of a Taichung community-based population

Table 2 The hazard ratios of all-cause mortality according to baseline frailty status and one-year transition in frailty status

Variables	N	Cases	Person-years	Incidence rate	Age and sex -adjusted	Multivariate-adjusted¹	Multivariate-adjusted²
Variables	N	Cases	Person-years	Incidence rate	HR (95%CI)	HR (95%CI)	HR (95%CI)
Frailty
No	820	112	5526.80	20.26	1.00	1.00	1.00
Yes	101	48	566.95	84.66	3.24 (2.25–4.67)***	3.22 (2.13–4.87)***	2.67 (1.73–4.12)***
One-year transition in frailty status
Robust to robust	518	51	3602.43	14.16	1.00	1.00	1.00
Robust to frail	23	8	139.23	57.46	3.78 (1.74–8.20)***	3.63 (1.65–7.97)**	2.76 (1.22–6.27)*
Frail to robust	20	7	125.07	55.97	3.43 (1.53–7.67)**	3.23 (1.38–7.53)**	3.87 (1.63–9.19)**
Frail to frail	36	17	209.31	81.22	5.13 (2.82–9.36)***	5.86 (2.93–11.70)***	4.08 (1.92–8.66)***

*:p < 0.05; **:p < 0.01; ***:p < 0.001
¹Multivariate adjustment for age, sex, education, marital status, BMI, smoking, alcohol drinking, physical activity and exercising program
²Multivariate adjustment for age, sex, education, marital status, BMI, smoking, alcohol drinking, physical activity, exercising program, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, heart disease, hyperlipidemia, gout, hyperuricemia, arthritis, osteoporosis, stroke, cataract, fall history, sleep impairment and cognitive function
Incidence rate number of incident cases / person-years*1000, HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval

ISSN: 1471-2318