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Table 2 Pre-post change in Physical Performance Measures

From: Yoga to prevent mobility limitations in older adults: feasibility of a randomized controlled trial

Measure

Yoga (n = 20)

HC (n = 21)

Effect Size- d

95% CI

SPPB Total Score

1.55

1.18

0.26

(− 0.37 to 0.85)

 Chair stands

0.85

0.32

0.56

(− 0.08 to 1.15)

 Gait

0.40

0.23

0.17

(− 0.43 to 0.78)

 Balance

0.60

0.64

− 0.03

(− 0.63 to 0.58)

 Grip strength – total (lbs.)

0.09

−9.43

0.63

(− 0.01 to 1.23)

 LOS Reaction Time (seconds)

0.14

− 0.01

0.36

(−0.26 to 0.97)

 LOS Movement Velocity (degrees/second)

0.51

−0.62

0.70

(0.07 to 1.31)

 LOS Endpoint Excursion (%)

9.00

−3.23

0.59

(−0.04 to 1.19)

 LOS Maximum Excursion (%)

10.10

−2.50

0.47

(−0.15 to 1.08)

 LOS Directional Control (%)

10.90

−11.5

0.61

(−0.03 to 1.21)

 SUO Lift (r; %)

−0.70

5.47

−0.18

(−0.77 to 0.43)

 SUO Move (r; seconds)

−0.07

8.55

−0.29

(−0.88 to 0.32)

 SUO Impact (r; %)

−3.1

6.64

−0.22

(−0.82 to 0.38)

 SUO Lift (l; %)

8.71

−0.65

0.48

(−0.13 to 1.08)

 SUO Move (l; seconds)

4.75

4.46

0.01

(−0.58 to 0.61)

 SUO Impact (l; %)

4.52

5.62

−0.04

(−0.61 to 0.56)

 SOT Visual (%)

4.44

4.75

−0.03

(−0.63 to 0.57)

 SOT Vestibular (%)

8.90

−1.14

0.38

(−0.23 to 0.98)

 SOT Somatosensory (%)

0.75

−1.07

0.36

(−0.25 to 0.95)

 SOT Preference (%)

8.58

2.73

0.13

(−0.47 to 0.73)

 RWS On Axis Speed (l-r; degrees/second)

−0.15

0.07

−0.22

(−0.81 to 0.39)

 RWS Directional (l-r; %)

−4.33

3.77

−0.75

(−1.36 to − 0.12)

 RWS On Axis Speed (f-b; degrees/second)

0.02

0.21

−0.31

(−0.90 to 0.30)

 RWS Directional (f-b; %)

1.52

6.04

−0.25

(−0.84 to 0.36)

  1. SPPB Short Physical Performance Battery, LOS Limits of Stability, SUO Step Up and Over, SOT Sensory Organization Test, RWS Rhythmic Weight Shift, l left, r right, f forward, b backward
  2. Measures in which larger change scores indicate improvement: SPPB, Grip Strength, LOS-Movement Velocity, LOS-Endpoint Excursion, LOS-Maximum Excursion, LOS-Directional Control, SUO-Lift, SOT-all scales, RWS-all scales
  3. Measures in which smaller change scores indicate improvement: LOS-Reaction Time, SUO-Move, SUO-Impact SPPB (0–4 rating for each subscale, total score is sum of 33 subscales 0–12 range)
  4. Grip strength (lbs. = pounds of pressure)