Skip to main content

Table 1 Demographic characteristics, pain aspects, and prevalence of comorbidities in the three groups of weight status

From: Is excess weight a burden for older adults who suffer chronic pain?

 

Low-normal weight N = 2938

Overweight N = 2448

Obesity N = 871

P-value (F or x2)

Age, mean ± SD

77.1 ± 7.8

75.6 ± 7.2

74.2 ± 6.5

< 0.001 (F = 59.5)

 65–74, n (%)

1218 (41.5)

1160 (47.7)

479 (55)

< 0.001 (x2 = 111.5)

 75–84, n (%)

1164 (39.6)

982 (40.3)

328 (37.7)

 

 85+, n (%)

556 (18.9)

292 (12)

64 (7.3)

 

Female, n (%)

1675 (57)

1179 (48.2)

481 (55.2)

< 0.001 (x2 = 43.5)

Married, n (%)

1652 (56.2)

1442 (58.9)

497 (57.1)

0.129 (x2 = 4.10)

Education, n (%)1

   

< 0.001 (x2 = 31.0)

 9-year Compulsory school

1393 (48.9)

1275 (53.8)

477 (57)

 

 Upper secondary school

749 (26.3)

614 (25.9)

211 (25.2)

 

 College/University

705 (24.8)

479 (20.2)

149 (17.8)

 

Income (SEK per year), n (%)

   

< 0.001 (x2 = 21.4)

  < 150,000

872 (29.7)

662 (27)

296 (34)

 

 150,001~  220,000

982 (33.4)

861 (35)

307 (35.2)

 

  > 220,000

1084 (36.9)

925 (37.8)

268 (30.8)

 

Smoking, n (%)2

   

< 0.001 (x2 = 79.7)

 Never smoker

1620 (57.2)

1244 (53.1)

396 (48.2)

 

 Ex-smoker

917 (32.4)

955 (40.8)

368 (44.8)

 

 Current smoker

295 (10.4)

143 (6.1)

57 (6.9)

 

High alcohol consumption, n (%)

112 (3.8)

118 (4.8)

55 (6.3)

0.006 (x2 = 10.3)

Pain aspects, n (%)

Chronic pain

1134 (38.6)

1023 (41.8)

482 (55.3)

< 0.001 (x2 = 77.5)

 NPS, median (IQR)a,3

3 (1–5)

3 (2–5)

4 (2–6)

< 0.001 (x2 = 36.1)

 No pain (NRS 0)a

17 (1.6)

12 (1.2)

8 (1.8)

< 0.001 (x2 = 37.1)

 Mild pain (NRS 1–3)a

300 (26.5)

224 (21.9)

79 (16.4)

 

 Moderate pain (NRS 4–6)a

521 (45.9)

501 (49)

217 (45)

 

 Severe pain (NRS 7–10)a

218 (20.6)

226 (23.5)

148 (32.7)

 

Comorbidities, n (%)

 History of trauma or injury accident

190 (6.5)

183 (7.5)

64 (7.3)

0.340 (x2 = 2.30)

 Rheumatic diseases

638 (21.7)

637 (26)

327 (37.5)

< 0.001 (x2 = 88.7)

 Cardiovascular diseases

1242 (42.3)

1301 (53.1)

553 (63.5)

< 0.001 (x2 = 142.6)

 Respiratory diseases

317 (10.8)

264 (10.8)

155 (17.8)

< 0.001 (x2 = 35.5)

 Gastrointestinal diseases

411 (14)

378 (15.4)

167 (19.2)

0.001 (x2 = 14.0)

 Neurological diseases

914 (31.1)

731 (29.9)

228 (26.2)

0.02 (x2 = 7.80)

 Urogenital diseases

240 (8.2)

213 (8.7)

87 (10)

0.238 (x2 = 2.85)

 Metabolic diseases

290 (9.9)

379 (15.6)

274 (31.5)

< 0.001 (x2 = 244.8)

 Cancer diagnosis

230 (7.8)

178 (7.3)

64 (7.3)

0.723 (x2 = 0.65)

 Depression

132 (4.5)

105 (4.3)

48 (5.5)

0.337 (x2 = 2.18)

 Anxiety

129 (4.4)

97 (4)

47 (5.4)

0.217 (x2 = 3.06)

  1. The far right column shows the result of the omnibus statistical testing (p-value, F and x2)
  2. NPS number of pain sites; aIndividuals with chronic pain N = 2639
  3. Missing data: 1 = 205; 2 = 262; 3 = 168