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Table 3 Associations between handgrip strength with BMI and cognitive decline according to handgrip strength tertiles and obesity

From: Association among handgrip strength, body mass index and decline in cognitive function among the elderly women

Handgrip Strength a

1st tertile

2nd tertile

3rd tertile

p for trend

BMI combined

 Number of cases

104

93

73

 

  Model 1

1.00 (reference)

1.04 (0.67–1.61)

0.90 (0.55–1.47)

0.684

  Model 2

1.00 (reference)

1.05 (0.64–1.71)

0.75 (0.44–1.28)

0.303

  Model 3

1.00 (reference)

1.08 (0.66–1.77)

0.77 (0.45–1.33)

0.361

  Model 4

1.00 (reference)

1.12 (0.67–1.87)

0.88 (0.50–1.53)

0.649

Non-obese b

 Number of cases

70

75

53

 

  Model 1

1.00 (reference)

1.31 (0.77–2.23)

1.13 (0.61–2.07)

0.669

  Model 2

1.00 (reference)

1.27 (0.70–2.30)

1.09 (0.57–2.11)

0.752

  Model 3

1.00 (reference)

1.30 (0.71–2.39)

1.16 (0.59–2.26)

0.633

  Model 4

1.00 (reference)

1.45 (0.77–2.72)

1.42 (0.72–2.79)

0.296

Obese b

 Number of cases

34

18

20

 

  Model 1

1.00 (reference)

0.53 (0.23–1.23)

0.56 (0.23–1.34)

0.205

  Model 2

1.00 (reference)

0.51 (0.18–1.40)

0.29 (0.10–0.86)

0.027

  Model 3

1.00 (reference)

0.42 (0.14–1.28)

0.19 (0.05–0.68)

0.011

  Model 4

1.00 (reference)

0.35 (0.10–1.17)

0.16 (0.04–0.70)

0.016

  1. aHandgrip strength: 1st tertile (≤17.5 kgF), 2nd tertile (18.0 to 20.5 kgF), and 3rd tertile (≥20.8 kgF)
  2. bnon-obese, BMI < 25 kg/m2; obese, BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2
  3. Model 1: odds ratio by logistic regression analysis adjusted for age (95% confidence interval)
  4. Model 2: additionally adjusted for marital status, education, income, insurance, and area of residence
  5. Model 3: additionally adjusted for smoking status, drinking, physical activity, and weight change
  6. Model 4: additionally adjusted for activities of daily living, depression, comorbidity, and baseline K-MMSE score
  7. Acronyms: BMI, body mass index