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Table 2 Contents of home-based physiotherapy

From: Effects of 12-month home-based physiotherapy on duration of living at home and functional capacity among older persons with signs of frailty or with a recent hip fracture - protocol of a randomized controlled trial (HIPFRA study)

 

Warm-up

Strength exercises

Flexibility exercises

Balance exercises

Functional exercises

Modes of activities

Various activities

Orientation 2–3 weeks: based on the Otago exercise program [31] (5 leg muscle strengthening exercises with up to 4 levels of difficulty).

Muscle strength, power and endurance periods, each 8 weeks, repeated twice during 12 months

Various flexibility exercises for large joints and the spine to enlarge the ROM

Otago [31] exercises (12 balance exercises with up to 4 levels of difficulty)

Flexibility, strength and balance exercises combined with IADL activities and walking outside

Intensity

Low to moderate

Moderate to vigorous (12–17 of RPE) [36]

Moderate

Challenges to the individual’s balance abilities

Challenges to the individual’s functional abilities

Progression

Changing intensity and activities according to physical condition

Using extra weights, increasing the level of difficulty

Changing activities

Selecting more advanced balance exercises (e.g. static, dynamic, dual task)

Selecting more advanced functional exercises

Frequency

2 times / week

2 times / week

2 times / week

2 times / week

One time / week

Duration

Approx. 5–10 min

Approx. 30 min

Approx. 10 min

Approx. 20 min

Integrated to other exercises

Assessment

Shortness of breath

SPPB [28, 56], RPE [36]

ROM

Time (s), observation

Task accomplishment

  1. IADL Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, ROM Range of motion, RPE Rating of Perceived Exertion (scale 6 to 20), s second(s), SPPB Short Physical Performance Battery