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Table 2 Details of search terms – using PubMed as an example

From: Supporting shared decision making for older people with multiple health and social care needs: a realist synthesis

Theory area & Search terms

1. Reflecting patient and carer values

((“shared decision making”) OR (“decision aid”) OR (“decision making”)) AND (((“goal setting”) OR (“person centred care”) OR (“person centered care”) OR (“personalised”) OR (“patient goals”) OR (“patient values”) OR (“patient preferences”) OR (personalised[Title] OR personalized[Title] OR (patient centred) AND Title OR (patient centered) AND Title OR (patient preference*) AND Title OR goals[Title] OR (goal setting) AND Title OR personalised[Title])) AND (old*[Title] OR aged[Title] OR elder*[Title] OR geriatric[Title] OR frail[Title] OR complex[Title] OR complex[Title] OR carer[Title] OR dementia[Title] OR alzheimer*[Title])) No date limits

2. Preparing for the SDM encounter

Coaching/advocacy

(((“coaching”) OR (“advocacy”) OR (“advocate”) OR (advocate[Title/Abstract] OR advocacy[Title/Abstract] OR coach*[Title/Abstract]) OR (“coach”)) AND ((“shared decision making”) OR ((shared decision making) AND Title/Abstract OR SDM[Title/Abstract] OR decision[Title/Abstract]))) AND ((“frail elderly”) OR (“older person”) OR (“dementia”) OR (“elderly”) OR (old*[Title] OR elderly[Title] OR frail[Title] OR dementia[Title] OR alzheimer*[Title] OR aged[Title])) No date limits

Education/training

((“shared decision making”) AND (education[Title] OR educate[Title] OR training[Title] OR guidance[Title] OR support[Title] OR information[Title] OR guide[Title] OR train[Title])) AND (old[Title] OR older[Title] OR elder*[Title] OR frail[Title] OR complex[Title] OR carer[Title] OR geriatric[Title] OR aged[Title] OR dementia[Title] OR alzheimer[Title])

((“shared decision making”) AND (education[Title] OR educate[Title] OR training[Title] OR guidance[Title] OR support[Title] OR information[Title] OR guide[Title] OR train[Title])) AND (“primary care”) No date limits

SDM for hard to engage groups (e.g. those with depression)

‘Shared decision making’ OR ‘decision aid’ (both MeSH) OR (coproduction[Title/Abstract] OR co-productive[Title/Abstract] OR partnership[Title/Abstract] OR co-production[Title/Abstract] OR co-production[Title/Abstract]) AND ‘depression’ OR ‘mental health’ OR ‘mental illness’ (Mesh) AND systematic review Filters: published in the last 5 years

Shared decision making’ OR ‘decision aid’ (both MeSH) OR (coproduction[Title/Abstract] OR co-productive[Title/Abstract] OR partnership[Title/Abstract] OR co-production[Title/Abstract] OR co-production[Title/Abstract]) AND ‘depression’ OR ‘mental health’ OR ‘mental illness’ (Mesh) AND ((“frail elderly”) OR (“older person”) OR (“dementia”) OR (“elderly”) OR (old*[Title] OR elderly[Title] OR frail[Title] OR dementia[Title] OR alzheimer*[Title] OR aged[Title]))

3. Sharing the communication of a decision

Interprofessional (limited to last 10 years)

(((“interprofessionalism”) OR (“interprofessional”) OR (“interdisciplinary”) OR (“multidisciplinary”) OR (“coordinated”) OR (“cross discipline”) OR (“inter disciplinary”) OR (“integrated”)) AND ((“shared decision making”) OR (“decision aid”) OR (“decision making”))) AND (old*[Title] OR aged[Title] OR elder*[Title] OR geriatric[Title] OR frail[Title] OR complex[Title] OR complex[Title] OR carer[Title] OR dementia[Title] OR alzheimer*[Title])

“relational coordination” OR “relational coproduction” AND (old*[Title] OR aged[Title] OR elder*[Title] OR geriatric[Title] OR frail[Title] OR complex[Title] OR complex[Title] OR carer[Title] OR dementia[Title] OR alzheimer*[Title]) No date limits

Relational competence

Relational competence AND (promote[Title/Abstract] OR promotion[Title/Abstract] OR train*[Title/Abstract] OR increase[Title/Abstract] OR intervention[Title/Abstract] OR programme[Title/Abstract]) AND general OR community OR primary No date limits

4. Fake vs real SDM

Draws on searches run for other theory areas.

Incentive (ti/ab) OR incentives (ti/ab) OR incentivisation [TI/AB] OR incentivization [TI/AB]

AND “shared decision making” (MESH) No date limits

5. Reducing the workload (for patients and carers)

(((“minimally disruptive medicine”) OR (“caregiver burden”) OR (“carer burden”) OR (“patient burden”) OR (“treatment burden”) OR (“quality of life”) OR (appropriate[Title] OR inappropriate[Title])) AND (“shared decision making”)) AND (old[Title/Abstract] OR older[Title/Abstract] OR aged[Title/Abstract] OR elderly[Title/Abstract] OR frail[Title/Abstract] OR carer[Title/Abstract] OR complex[Title/Abstract] OR geriatric[Title/Abstract] OR dementia[Title/Abstract] OR Alzheimer[Title/Abstract]). Limited to last 5 years