Skip to main content

Table 1 Characteristics of participants at baseline and grouped by BZDA use data at the 3-year follow-up point (final non-users, irregular users, and users of BZDA)

From: Long-term persistence of withdrawal of temazepam, zopiclone, and zolpidem in older adults: a 3-year follow-up study

 

Non-users (N = 26)

Irregular users (N = 27)

Regular users (N = 30)

P

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

 

Age (years)

66.3 ± 5.6

66.9 ± 6.2

65.9 ± 6.9

0.815

Body Mass Index (kg/m2)*

26.4 ± 3.8

26.5 ± 2.9

30.0 ± 4.9

0.001

Median [LQ, UQ]

Median [LQ, UQ]

Median [LQ, UQ]

 

Use of alcohol (doses/week)

0.9 [0, 5.5]

2.5 [0, 5.3]

0 [0, 2.0]

0.106

N

(%)

N

(%)

N

(%)

 

BZDA use at baseline

  < 5 years

3

(12)

3

(11)

4

(13)

0.989

 5–10 years

13

(50)

13

(48)

16

(53)

  ≥ 10 years

10

(39)

11

(41)

10

(34)

Randomized to CRM/placebo during withdrawal

12/14

(46/54)

13/14

(48/52)

17/13

(57/43)

0.700

Gender, women/men

16/10

(62/38)

16/11

(59/41)

25/5

(83/17)

0.094

Exercise activity

 Low

1

(4)

2

(7)

3

(10)

0.696

 Medium

25

(96)

23

(85)

26

(87)

 High

0

(0)

2

(7)

1

(3)

Living conditions

 With another person

17

(65)

23

(85)

21

(70)

0.228

 Alone

9

(35)

4

(15)

9

(30)

Education level

 Basic

12

(46)

9

(33)

17

(59)

0.252

 Middle grade

10

(38)

16

(59)

9

(31)

 College or academic

4

(15)

2

(7)

3

(10)

Occupational status

 Regular day shifts

4

(15)

1

(4)

6

(20)

0.357

 Irregular day shifts, shift-work

2

(8)

1

(4)

2

(7)

 Retired or unemployed

20

(77)

25

(93)

22

(73)

Drivers’s licence

23

(88)

24

(89)

26

(87)

1.000

Depression

 Not depressed (GDS-15 sum score < 6)

25

(96)

25

(93)

24

(80)

0.139

 Depressed (GDS-15 sum score ≥ 6)

1

(4)

2

(7)

6

(20)

Smoking

 Non-smoker

25

(96)

27

(100)

26

(87)

0.098

 Smoker

1

(4)

0

(0)

4

(13)

Use of alcohol

 Non-user

4

(15)

5

(19)

7

(24)

0.192

 Once a month or more seldom

9

(34)

5

(19)

14

(48)

 2–4 times a month

7

(27)

11

(42)

6

(21)

 2 times a week or more often

6

(23)

5

(19)

2

(7)

Satisfaction with life

 Very satisfied

4

(15)

4

(15)

2

(7)

0.871

 Quite satisfied

14

(54)

16

(59)

16

(53)

 Not satisfied, but not unhappy

6

(23)

6

(22)

10

(33)

 Quite unhappy

2

(8)

1

(4)

2

(7)

Self-reported health

 Good

6

(23)

5

(19)

5

(17)

0.855

 Fair

15

(58)

19

(70)

21

(70)

 Poor

5

(19)

3

(11)

4

(13)

Expected health a year later#

 Healthier than now

6

(23)

3

(11)

13

(43)

0.001

 No change

18

(69)

23

(85)

10

(33)

 A bit worse than now

2

(8)

1

(4)

7

(23)

  1. *Significant differences in final non-users vs. regular users (P = 0.004) and final irregular users vs. regular users (P = 0.005)
  2. #Significant differences in final non-users vs. regular users (P = 0.029) and final irregular users vs. regular users (P < 0.001)
  3. P = Statistical significance of difference between final non-users, final irregular users, and final regular users
  4. LQ Lower quartile, UQ Upper quartile, BZDA Benzodiazepine agonist, CRM Controlled-release melatonin, GDS Geriatric Depression Scale
Back to article page

BMC Geriatrics

ISSN: 1471-2318

Contact us