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Table 4 Factors associated with the onset of frailtya stratified by the degree of housing damage among elderly female survivors in the RIAS study, 2011–2015

From: Association between health risks and frailty in relation to the degree of housing damage among elderly survivors of the great East Japan earthquake

Variable

By the degree of housing damage

By residential status b

No

Partial

Extensive

No displaced

Temporary

Other residence

Number

555

175

506

694

262

280

Adjusted OR (95% CI) P-value

 BMI, underweight

2.30 (1.03–5.14)

0.043

1.42 (0.21–9.40)

0.719

0.42 (0.08–2.34)

0.323

2.29 (1.08–4.86)

0.031

0.65 (0.10–4.37)

0.654

0.36 (0.03–3.97)

0.403

 BMI, overweight

1.16 (0.80–1.68)

0.435

1.68 (0.80–3.56)

0.173

1.70 (1.15–2.51)

0.008

1.33 (0.96–1.86)

0.091

1.64 (0.96–2.81)

0.073

1.50 (0.87–2.60)

0.147

 Diabetes mellitus

1.53 (0.94–2.49)

0.091

0.47 (0.17–1.26)

0.134

1.82 (1.09–3.04)

0.023

1.13 (0.73–1.77)

0.583

1.77 (0.91–3.44)

0.094

2.40 (1.07–5.38)

0.034

 Sedentary lifestyle

1.64 (1.10–2.44)

0.016

1.61 (0.68–3.81)

0.276

1.49 (1.04–2.13)

0.029

1.49 (1.05–2.11)

0.026

2.08 (1.32–3.29)

0.002

1.45 (0.82–2.57)

0.199

 Poor dietary diversity

1.52 (1.10–2.08)

0.010

1.30 (0.62–2.72)

0.479

1.56 (1.09–2.25)

0.016

1.47 (1.09–1.98)

0.011

1.42 (0.90–2.23)

0.131

1.55 (0.93–2.60)

0.094

 Poor self-rated health

3.20 (1.97–5.19)

<.001

2.29 (1.01–5.18)

0.046

3.57 (2.31–5.53)

<.001

2.70 (1.81–4.05)

<.001

3.12 (1.54–6.32)

0.002

4.29 (2.37–7.77)

<.001

 Standard of living, difficult

1.55 (1.08–2.24)

0.019

1.97 (0.91–4.24)

0.084

1.17 (0.80–1.71)

0.412

1.42 (1.00–2.01)

0.052

1.76 (1.09–2.85)

0.021

0.99 (0.56–1.75)

0.968

 Psychological distress

1.95 (1.13–3.38)

0.017

0.86 (0.19–3.88)

0.840

1.35 (0.79–2.28)

0.270

1.89 (1.09–3.28)

0.024

0.90 (0.48–1.70)

0.750

1.89 (0.79–4.52)

0.155

 Poor social networks

1.24 (0.91–1.71)

0.176

1.45 (0.68–3.09)

0.330

1.44 (0.99–2.08)

0.054

1.34 (1.00–1.79)

0.053

1.06 (0.66–1.72)

0.809

1.85 (1.07–3.20)

0.027

  1. BMI body mass index, OR odds ratio, 95% CI 95% confidence interval
  2. Non-significant variables are not displayed
  3. Adjusted for age, BMI (underweight: < 18, overweight: ≥25 vs. normal: 18–25 kg/m2), diabetes mellitus (yes vs. no), sedentary lifestyle (yes vs. no), poor dietary diversity (yes vs. no), poor self-rated health (yes vs. no), standard of living (difficult vs. acceptable), psychological distress (yes vs. no), and poor social network (yes vs. no)
  4. aSurvivors were classified into two groups: frailty (≥5 points on the Kihon Checklist, which is used by the Japanese government to certify the need for long-term care insurance) and non-frailty (< 5 points on the Kihon Checklist)
  5. bTo avoid misclassifying participants’ current situation, we continued updating each person’s residential status throughout the follow-up period using data from repeated questionnaires
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BMC Geriatrics

ISSN: 1471-2318

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