Table 4 Disease state ICD-9 Coding for outcomes and comorbidities. ICD-9 codes used throughout the study

Community Acquired

1) 480.x-486.x, 487.0 Pneumonia as a principal diagnosis; OR

Pneumonia (CAP)

2) 518.8× Respiratory Failure or 038.xx Septicemia as a principal diagnosis with Pneumonia as a secondary diagnosis on the same claim line

Acute Myocardial Infarction

410.xx

Stroke

433.×1, 434.×1, 436.xx

 Hip, closed

820.0, 820.2, 820.8, 733.14

 Forearm, closed

813.0, 813.2, 813.4, 813.8, 733.12

 Pelvis, closed

808.0, 808.2, 808.4, 808.8

 Distal femur, closed

821.0, 821.2, 733.15

 Wrist, closed

813.4, 733.12

 Humerus, closed

812.0, 812.2, 812.4, 733.11

 Tibia/fibula, closed

823.0, 823.2, 823.8, 733.16

 Clavicle, closed

810.0

(excluding E-codes for fractures due to accident or trauma (E800-E848, E881-E884, E908-E909, E916-E928) and revision surgeries (ICD-9 procedure codes 00.71, 81.53, 78.6; ICD-9 Diagnosis codes 733.81, 733.82)

Chronic Pulmonary Disease

490.xx-496.xx, 500.xx-505.xx, 506.4

Cancer (Including Leukemia and Lymphoma)

140.xx-172.xx, 174.xx-195.xx, 200.xx-208.xx

Asthma

ICD-9 Diagnosis: 493.0×-493.2×

Heart failure

ICD-9 Diagnosis: 428.xx

Cardiomyopathy

ICD-9 Diagnosis: 425.xx

Diabetes

ICD-9 Diagnosis: 249.xx-250.xx, 648.xx

Liver disease

ICD-9 Diagnosis: 570.xx-573.xx, V10.017

Coronary artery disease

ICD-9 Diagnosis: 414.0×