Unmet healthcare needs of elderly people in Korea

BMC Geriatrics

Table 4 Aging factors associated with unmet healthcare needs (n = 8666, N = 1.8^a)

Characteristic	Odds ratio (95% confidence interval)
Characteristic	Model I¹⁾	Model II²⁾	Model III³⁾	Model IV⁴⁾
Disability (Ref.: no)
Yes	0.99 (0.83–1.17)	1.02 (0.86–1.21)	0.99 (0.81–1.21)	0.99 (0.77–1.28)
Depressive symptoms (Ref.: no)
Yes	1.83 (1.53–2.18)^a	1.77 (1.48–2.12)^a	1.63 (1.33–2.01)^a	1.45 (1.13–1.88)^b
Visual impairment (Ref.: no)
Yes	1.74 (1.52–1.98)^a	1.69 (1.48–1.93)^a	1.74 (1.49–2.02)^a	1.48 (1.22–1.79)^a
Hearing impairment (Ref.: no)
Yes	1.17 (1.02–1.34)^b	1.19 (1.03–1.36)^c	1.32 (1.13–1.56)^b	1.40 (1.15–1.72)^b
Memory impairment (Ref.: no)
Yes	1.61 (1.31–1.97)^a	1.57 (1.28–1.93)^a	1.61 (1.27–2.04)^a	1.74 (1.28–2.36)^a
Decision-making impairment (Ref.: no)
Yes	1.48 (1.09–2.02)^c	1.48 (1.09–2.01)^b	1.58 (1.10–2.25)^c	1.04 (0.65–1.68)

n unweighted sample size, N weighted sample size in millions
Ref. Reference
¹⁾unadjusted; ²⁾adjusted for sex and age; ³⁾adjusted for sex, age, and socioeconomic characteristics (spouse, education, insurance types, private health insurance, economic status, and household income); ⁴⁾adjusted for sex, age, socioeconomic characteristics (spouse, education, insurance types, private health insurance, economic status, and household income), and health-related characteristics (self-perceived health status, current smoker, chronic disease, usual source of care, and regular family doctor)
^ap < 0.001; ^bp < 0.01; ^cp < 0.05

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