Table 2 Bivariate analysis of cases with fall episode(s) within the past 1 year compared to the others
From: Relationship between muscle strength and fall episodes among the elderly: the Yilan study, Taiwan
Population without any fall episode | Population with fall episode(s) | P value of χ2 test or t test | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No., Mean | %, SD | No., Mean | %, SD | ||
Gender | |||||
 male | 389 | 42.9 | 50 | 31.1 | 0.005 |
 female | 517 | 57.1 | 111 | 68.9 | |
Age (years) | 76.3 | 6.0 | 76.8 | 6.0 | 0.37 |
Living Status | |||||
 full-time living alone | 56 | 6.2 | 17 | 10.6 | 0.08 |
 part-rime living alone | 38 | 4.2 | 9 | 5.6 | |
 not living alone | 812 | 89.6 | 135 | 83.9 | |
Chronic Physical Disorders | |||||
 DM (yes) | 222 | 24.5 | 41 | 25.5 | 0.79 |
 HT (yes) | 530 | 58.5 | 96 | 59.6 | 0.79 |
 CAD (yes) | 311 | 34.3 | 55 | 34.2 | 0.97 |
 CVA (yes) | 25 | 2.8 | 4 | 2.5 | 0.84 |
 Cataract (yes) | 497 | 54.9 | 103 | 64.0 | 0.03 |
Cognitive Impairment (by CDR score) | |||||
 mild or more severe dementia (≧2) | 183 | 25.7 | 45 | 33.8 | 0.05 |
Strength (kg), average of both hands | 20.7 | 8.7 | 17.6 | 8.0 | < 0.0001 |
Muscle mass (kg), average of both legs | 7.3 | 1.8 | 7.1 | 2.1 | 0.14 |
Exercise (mins), accumulated in 1 week | 187 | 226 | 153 | 201 | 0.08 |