Table 1 Resident characteristics at baseline (admission) and follow-up for the sample (N = 1571)
| Â | Baseline | Follow-upa | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
 Mean age (SD) | 83.3 (9.7) | 84.9 (9.5) |  |
 Male | 531 (33.8%) | 531 (33.8%) |  |
 Stroke | 378 (24.1%) | 408 (26.0%) | <.001 |
 Parkinson’s disease | 122 (7.8%) | 130 (8.3%) | 0.02 |
 Dementia | 669 (42.6%) | 720 (45.9%) | <.001 |
 Depression | 339 (21.6%) | 399 (25.4%) | <.001 |
 Pain | 664 (42.3%) | 780 (49.7%) | <.001 |
 Recent hospital stays | 210 (13.4%) | 180 (11.5%) | 0.09 |
Function | |||
 ADL score (SD)b | 2.7 (1.8) | 1.9 (1.7) | <.001 |
 Locomotion (independence) | 989 (66.4%) | 750 (49.7%) | <.001 |
 Dressing (independence) | 471 (30.1%) | 235 (15.0%) | <.001 |
 Eating (independence) | 1413 (90.1%) | 1165 (74.2%) | <.001 |
 Toileting (independence) | 586 (37.5%) | 344 (22.0%) | <.001 |
 Hygiene (independence) | 493 (31.5%) | 285 (18.2%) | <.001 |
 Bathing (independence) | 201 (13.5%) | 117 (7.9%) | <.001 |
 Bladder continence (independence) | 794 (68.2%) | 489 (43.0%) | <.001 |
 Bowel continence (independence) | 1139 (72.7%) | 857 (54.6%) | <.001 |
Medications | |||
 Mean number of medications | 11.2 (4.7) | 11.8 (5.3) | <.001 |
 Antidepressants | 719 (45.8%) | 821 (52.4%) | < 001 |
 Antipsychotics | 278 (17.7%) | 296 (18.9%) | 0.20 |
 Anxiolytics | 258 (16.4%) | 250 (15.9%) | 0.60 |
 Analgesics | 1049 (66.7%) | 1167 (74.4%) | <.001 |
 Any CAM defined delirium | 0 (0.0%) | 634 (40.4%) | <.001 |