Table 2 Demographic and baseline characteristics of subjects between two groups
|  | Intervention Group | Comparison Group | χ2/t | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender (M/F) | 14/22 | 21/13 | 3.660 | 0.056 |
Age(yrs.) (SD) | 79.64(7.36) | 80.15 (8.26) | 0.272 | 0.786 |
Education (no/yes) | 14/22 | 16/18 | 0.477 | 0.490 |
Religion (no/yes) | 8/28 | 13/21 | 2.135 | 0.144 |
CIRS total (SD) | 2.76 (1.20) | 2.71 (1.22) | −0.159 | 0.875 |
| Â | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | t | p |
Body composition | ||||
 Body weight (kg) | 59.63 (10.52) | 61.19 (8.17) | 0.693 | 0.491 |
 BMI(kg/m2) | 25.15 (3.75) | 24.85 (3.01) | −0.364 | 0.717 |
 Fat mass (kg) | 25.23 (6.76) | 24.56 (4.72) | −0.474 | 0.637 |
 Fat (%) | 42.07 (6.00) | 40.29 (6.87) | −1.149 | 0.255 |
 Fat free mass(kg) | 34.26 (5.99) | 36.64 (6.96) | 1.235 | 0.132 |
 Soft lean mass(kg) | 32.33 (5.78) | 34.57 (6.67) | 1.494 | 0.140 |
 Skeletal muscle mass(kg) | 17.79 (3.54) | 19.09 (4.06) | 1.413 | 0.162 |
 Skeletal muscle (%) | 29.98 (3.44) | 31.03 (4.11) | 1.155 | 0.252 |
 Skeletal muscle index (kg/m2) | 7.48 (1.02) | 7.68 (1.18) | 0.732 | 0.467 |
 Lean mass index (kg/m2) | 13.61 (1.58) | 13.92 (1.87) | 0.751 | 0.455 |
 ASM (kg) | 13.66 (3.43) | 14.92 (3.85) | 1.437 | 0.155 |
 ASM (%) | 22.81 (3.31) | 24.15 (4.28) | 1.465 | 0.148 |
 ASMI(kg/m2) | 5.72 (1.07) | 5.98 (1.19) | 0.964 | 0.338 |
Physical performance | ||||
 aTotal grip strength(kg) | 27.29 (13.76) | 24.67 (17.34) | 0.699 | 0.487 |
 aTotal pinch strength(kg) | 5.28 (3.02) | 4.86 (3.85) | 0.507 | 0.614 |
 Total FIM score | 112.67 (17.89) | 82.09 (33.79) | 4.692 | < 0.001*** |
 FIM self-care | 35.89(9.12) | 25.41(12.51) | 3.986 | < 0.001*** |