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Table 3 The effect of whole-body vibration on the SMMI, physical fitness, and quality of life (n = 17)

From: The preliminary effect of whole-body vibration intervention on improving the skeletal muscle mass index, physical fitness, and quality of life among older people with sarcopenia

Variables

Pretest

MEAN ± SD

Posttest

MEAN ± SD

z

p value

SMMI

8.98 ± 1.69

10.63 ± 2.24

−3.62

0.000***

Physical fitness

 Standing on one foot (seconds)

3.30 ± 7.19

7.37 ± 12.32

−2.45

0.014**

 Shoulder–arm flexibility (centimeters)

−37.50 ± 16.33

−28.56 ± 13.95

−3.16

0.002**

 8-foot up and go test (seconds)

36.2 ± 24.57

22.00 ± 17.36

−2.69

0.009**

 Grip strength (kilograms)

11.19 ± 7.36

14.46 ± 7.48

−3.39

0.001**

 Five repeated sit-to-stand tests (seconds)

42.42 ± 22.98

30.58 ± 15.32

−2.94

0.003**

Quality of life

 Index

0.69 ± 0.24

0.74 ± 0.23

−2.533

0.011*

 VAS

78.24 ± 8.28

80.29 ± 10.68

−0.672

0.501

  1. SMMI Skeletal muscle mass index, VAS visual analog scale; *p < .05, ** p < .01, *** p < .001