Table 1 Clinical features of enrolled ESRD patients with different frail severity
Variables | None to mildy frail (n = 16; 45.7%) | Moderately to severely frail (n = 19; 54.3%) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
Demographic and physical features | |||
 Age (years) | 65.1 ± 11.3 | 72.1 ± 8.7 | 0.05 |
 Gender (male %) | 8 (56) | 4 (21) | 0.03 |
 Body mass index (kg/m2) | 23.9 ± 4.2 | 23.1 ± 3.9 | 0.58 |
 Dialysis duration (years) | 2.4 ± 1.7 | 4.3 ± 3.6 | 0.06 |
Comorbidities | |||
 Hypertension (%) | 14 (88) | 16 (84) | 0.79 |
 Diabetes (%) | 7 (44) | 11 (58) | 0.42 |
 Liver cirrhosis (%) | 1 (6) | 2 (11) | 0.67 |
 Heart failure (%) | 3 (19) | 5 (26) | 0.61 |
 Malignancy (%) | 2 (13) | 1 (5) | 0.46 |
Laboratory data | |||
 Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 10.1 ± 1.3 | 9.2 ± 1.1 | 0.02 |
 Leukocyte count (K/μL) | 6.5 ± 1.5 | 7.9 ± 2.9 | 0.09 |
 Platelet (K/μL) | 185 ± 38 | 208 ± 62 | 0.2 |
 Albumin (mg/dL) | 3.8 ± 0.3 | 3.7 ± 0.3 | 0.29 |
 Urea nitrogen (mg/dL) | 79.1 ± 20.3 | 78.2 ± 18.2 | 0.88 |
 Sodium (meq/L) | 135 ± 3.9 | 136 ± 3.1 | 0.47 |
 Creatinine (mg/dL) | 11.6 ± 2.2 | 9.9 ± 1.8 | 0.01 |
 Potassium (meq/L) | 4.8 ± 0.7 | 4.9 ± 0.7 | 0.63 |
 Calcium (meq/L) | 9 ± 0.7 | 9 ± 0.8 | 0.86 |
 Phosphate (meq/L) | 5.3 ± 1.3 | 5 ± 1.4 | 0.44 |
 Chloride (meq/L) | 99.4 ± 4.1 | 100.2 ± 3.4 | 0.54 |
 Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 159 ± 37 | 167 ± 54 | 0.62 |
 Triglyceride (mg/dL) | 149 ± 102 | 172 ± 112 | 0.53 |
 High-density lipoprotein (mg/dL) | 41 ± 9 | 39 ± 13 | 0.64 |
 Low-density lipoprotein (mg/dL) | 96 ± 30 | 102 ± 37 | 0.57 |
Dialysis-related parameters | |||
 Kt/V | 1.55 ± 0.2 | 1.69 ± 0.13 | 0.02 |
 Urea reduction ratio (%) | 72.5 ± 5 | 76.2 ± 2.5 | 0.01 |
Chronic medication use | |||
 Benzodiazepine (%) | 9 (56) | 6 (32) | 0.15 |
 Anti-depressants (%) | 5 (31) | 2 (11) | 0.13 |
 Anti-psychotics (%) | 0 (0) | 2 (11) | 0.19 |