Table 2 Prescription of drugs used for diabetes mellitus and hypertension among those with at least one such diagnosis in a group of people with intellectual disability (ID) and referents from the general population (gPop)
All | |||
|---|---|---|---|
gPop | ID | ID vs gPop | |
n (%) | n (%) | RR (95% CI) | |
Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus | n = 174 | n = 182 | |
Insulins and analogues | 147 (84) | 155 (85) | 1.01 (0.80–1.26) |
Fast-acting | 103 (59) | 80 (44) | 0.74 (0.55–0.99) |
Intermediate-acting | 71 (41) | 57 (31) | 0.77 (0.56–1.09) |
Intermediate/long-acting comb. fast-acting | 52 (30) | 96 (53) | 1.77 (1.26–2.47) |
Long-acting | 65 (37) | 62 (34) | 0.91 (0.64–1.29) |
Blood glucose lowering drugs excl. Insulins | 96 (55) | 126 (69) | 1.26 (0.96–1.64) |
Biguanides | 91 (52) | 112 (62) | 1.18 (0.89–1.55) |
Sulfonylureas | 27 (16) | 55 (30) | 1.95 (1.23–3.09) |
Combinations | 4 (2) | 2 (1) | NC |
α glucosidase inhibitors | 3 (2) | 4 (2) | NC |
Thiazolidinediones | 5 (3) | 3 (2) | NC |
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors | 8 (5) | 2 (1) | NC |
Repaglinide or nateglinide | 10 (6) | 7 (4) | 0.67 (0.26–1.76) |
Exenatide or liraglutide | 1 (1) | 3 (2) | NC |
Non-insulin-dependent diabetes | n = 546 | n = 664 | |
Insulins and analogues | 252 (46) | 338 (51) | 1.10 (0.94–1.30) |
Fast-acting | 125 (23) | 136 (20) | 0.90 (0.70–1.14) |
Intermediate-acting | 131 (24) | 129 (19) | 0.81 (0.64–1.03) |
Intermediate/long-acting comb. fast-acting | 114 (21) | 212 (32) | 1.53 (1.22–1.92) |
Long-acting | 84 (15) | 100 (15) | 0.98 (0.73–1.31) |
Blood glucose lowering drugs excl. Insulins | 423 (77) | 528 (80) | 1.03 (0.90–1.17) |
Biguanides | 398 (73) | 473 (71) | 0.98 (0.86–1.12) |
Sulfonylureas | 150 (27) | 230 (35) | 1.26 (1.03–1.55) |
Combinations | 20 (4) | 11 (2) | 0.45 (0.22–0.94) |
α glucosidase inhibitors | 6 (1) | 8 (1) | 1.10 (0.38–3.16) |
Thiazolidinediones | 23 (4) | 21 (3) | 0.75 (0.42–1.36) |
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors | 42 (8) | 2 (3) | 0.43 (0.26–0.72) |
Repaglinide or nateglinide | 34 (6) | 36 (5) | 0.87 (0.55–1.39) |
Exenatide or liraglutide | 15 (3) | 7 (1) | 0.38 (0.16–0.94) |
Hypertension | n = 1487 | n = 814 | |
Diuretics | 641 (43) | 482 (59) | 1.37 (1.22–1.55) |
Beta blocking agents | 953 (64) | 497 (61) | 0.95 (0.86–1.06) |
Calcium channel blockers | 792 (53) | 362 (44) | 0.84 (0.74–0.95) |
Agents acting on the renin-angiotensin system | 1184 (80) | 543 (67) | 0.84 (0.75–0.93) |
ACE inhibitors | 863 (58) | 463 (57) | 0.98 (0.88–1.10) |
Angiotensin II antagonists | 614 (41) | 145 (18) | 0.43 (0.36–0.52) |