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Table 2 Prescription of drugs used for diabetes mellitus and hypertension among those with at least one such diagnosis in a group of people with intellectual disability (ID) and referents from the general population (gPop)

From: Prevalence and treatment of diabetes mellitus and hypertension among older adults with intellectual disability in comparison with the general population

  All
gPop ID ID vs gPop
n (%) n (%) RR (95% CI)
Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus n = 174 n = 182  
 Insulins and analogues 147 (84) 155 (85) 1.01 (0.80–1.26)
 Fast-acting 103 (59) 80 (44) 0.74 (0.55–0.99)
 Intermediate-acting 71 (41) 57 (31) 0.77 (0.56–1.09)
 Intermediate/long-acting comb. fast-acting 52 (30) 96 (53) 1.77 (1.26–2.47)
 Long-acting 65 (37) 62 (34) 0.91 (0.64–1.29)
 Blood glucose lowering drugs excl. Insulins 96 (55) 126 (69) 1.26 (0.96–1.64)
 Biguanides 91 (52) 112 (62) 1.18 (0.89–1.55)
 Sulfonylureas 27 (16) 55 (30) 1.95 (1.23–3.09)
 Combinations 4 (2) 2 (1) NC
 α glucosidase inhibitors 3 (2) 4 (2) NC
 Thiazolidinediones 5 (3) 3 (2) NC
 Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors 8 (5) 2 (1) NC
 Repaglinide or nateglinide 10 (6) 7 (4) 0.67 (0.26–1.76)
 Exenatide or liraglutide 1 (1) 3 (2) NC
Non-insulin-dependent diabetes n = 546 n = 664  
 Insulins and analogues 252 (46) 338 (51) 1.10 (0.94–1.30)
 Fast-acting 125 (23) 136 (20) 0.90 (0.70–1.14)
 Intermediate-acting 131 (24) 129 (19) 0.81 (0.64–1.03)
 Intermediate/long-acting comb. fast-acting 114 (21) 212 (32) 1.53 (1.22–1.92)
 Long-acting 84 (15) 100 (15) 0.98 (0.73–1.31)
 Blood glucose lowering drugs excl. Insulins 423 (77) 528 (80) 1.03 (0.90–1.17)
 Biguanides 398 (73) 473 (71) 0.98 (0.86–1.12)
 Sulfonylureas 150 (27) 230 (35) 1.26 (1.03–1.55)
 Combinations 20 (4) 11 (2) 0.45 (0.22–0.94)
 α glucosidase inhibitors 6 (1) 8 (1) 1.10 (0.38–3.16)
 Thiazolidinediones 23 (4) 21 (3) 0.75 (0.42–1.36)
 Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors 42 (8) 2 (3) 0.43 (0.26–0.72)
 Repaglinide or nateglinide 34 (6) 36 (5) 0.87 (0.55–1.39)
 Exenatide or liraglutide 15 (3) 7 (1) 0.38 (0.16–0.94)
Hypertension n = 1487 n = 814  
 Diuretics 641 (43) 482 (59) 1.37 (1.22–1.55)
 Beta blocking agents 953 (64) 497 (61) 0.95 (0.86–1.06)
 Calcium channel blockers 792 (53) 362 (44) 0.84 (0.74–0.95)
 Agents acting on the renin-angiotensin system 1184 (80) 543 (67) 0.84 (0.75–0.93)
 ACE inhibitors 863 (58) 463 (57) 0.98 (0.88–1.10)
 Angiotensin II antagonists 614 (41) 145 (18) 0.43 (0.36–0.52)
  1. Statistically significant results are marked in bold
  2. RR relative risk, CI confidence interval, ID intellectual disability, gPop general population, NC not calculated due to too few observations
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BMC Geriatrics

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