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Table 4 Association between pulse pressure levels and vascular dementia stratified by blood pressure levels in age 70–75 cohort

From: Blood pressure at age 60–65 versus age 70–75 and vascular dementia: a population based observational study

Pulse pressure (PP) (mmHg)

N

Death, %

VaD, %

Hazard ratioa (95% CI)

P value

Hazard ratiob (95% CI)

P value

Hazard ratioc (95% CI)

P value

Age 70–75 cohort – untreated with antihypertensive drug

 Prehypertension

  PP ≤ 50

11,244

31.56

1.51

1.00 (reference)

 

1.00 (reference)

 

1.00 (reference)

 

  50 < PP ≤ 60

9872

29.55

1.81

1.12 (0.86, 1.45)

0.41

1.20 (0.93, 1.54)

0.16

1.09 (0.84, 1.41)

0.54

  60 < PP ≤ 70

2669

27.69

1.72

1.34 (0.93, 1.93)

0.12

1.20 (0.83, 1.73)

0.34

1.30 (0.90, 1.88)

0.16

  70 < PP

295

32.54

1.02

0.60 (0.15, 2.44)

0.48

0.61 (0.15, 2.46)

0.49

0.59 (0.15, 2.40)

0.46

 Stage 1 hypertension

  PP ≤ 50

3312

36.75

1.72

1.00 (reference)

 

1.00 (reference)

 

1.00 (reference)

 

  50 < PP ≤ 60

14,051

32.02

1.54

0.91 (0.64, 1.30)

0.61

1.01 (0.71, 1.44)

0.95

0.90 (0.63, 1.28)

0.55

  60 < PP ≤ 70

19,583

30.94

1.79

0.97 (0.69, 1.37)

0.85

1.21 (0.86, 1.70)

0.28

0.95 (0.67, 1.34)

0.76

  70 < PP

9248

30.43

1.83

0.99 (0.68, 1.44)

0.97

1.13 (0.78, 1.64)

0.52

0.97 (0.67, 1.41)

0.88

 Stage 2 hypertension

  PP ≤ 50

556

38.85

0.90

1.00 (reference)

 

1.00 (reference)

 

1.00 (reference)

 

  50 < PP ≤ 60

757

39.37

1.32

1.95 (0.52, 7.34)

0.32

1.25 (0.36, 4.28)

0.72

1.94 (0.52, 7.32)

0.33

  60 < PP ≤ 70

4836

37.39

1.53

1.64 (0.51, 5.27)

0.41

1.40 (0.51, 3.86)

0.52

1.67 (0.52, 5.36)

0.39

 70 < PP

24,725

36.77

1.78

2.08 (0.67, 6.47)

0.21

1.59 (0.59, 4.27)

0.36

2.10 (0.68, 6.53)

0.20

Age 70–75 cohort – treated with antihypertensive drug

 Prehypertension

  PP ≤ 50

5994

40.19

1.84

1.00 (reference)

 

1.00 (reference)

 

1.00 (reference)

 

  50 < PP ≤ 60

9948

35.27

1.78

1.27 (0.92, 1.76)

0.14

0.95 (0.73, 1.24)

0.71

1.23 (0.89, 1.70)

0.21

  60 < PP ≤ 70

3728

34.74

1.88

1.38 (0.94, 2.05)

0.1

1.02 (0.73, 1.42)

0.91

1.30 (0.88, 1.93)

0.18

 70 < PP

362

40.33

1.38

0.87 (0.27, 2.79)

0.81

0.81 (0.32, 2.01)

0.64

0.80 (0.25, 2.58)

0.71

 Stage 1 hypertension

  PP ≤ 50

1511

44.08

1.99

1.00 (reference)

 

1.00 (reference)

 

1.00 (reference)

 

  50 < PP ≤ 60

9789

36.02

1.87

0.88 (0.56, 1.38)

0.57

0.82 (0.54, 1.23)

0.33

0.87 (0.55, 1.36)

0.53

  60 < PP ≤ 70

22,333

32.49

2.02

0.92 (0.60, 1.42)

0.71

0.84 (0.57, 1.24)

0.39

0.90 (0.59, 1.39)

0.64

  70 < PP

14,960

31.66

1.75

0.70 (0.45, 1.09)

0.12

0.71 (0.48, 1.06)

0.10

0.68 (0.44, 1.07)

0.096

 Stage 2 hypertension

  PP ≤ 50

291

47.08

1.72

1.00 (reference)

 

1.00 (reference)

 

1.00 (reference)

 

  50 < PP ≤ 60

480

43.96

1.67

0.76 (0.17, 3.39)

0.72

1.17 (0.30, 4.54)

0.82

0.77 (0.17, 3.42)

0.73

  60 < PP ≤ 70

3588

41.44

1.67

0.90 (0.28, 2.91)

0.86

1.01 (0.31, 3.23)

0.99

0.90 (0.28, 2.92)

0.86

  70 < PP

31,861

38.18

1.92

1.04 (0.34, 3.24)

0.94

1.12 (0.36, 3.48)

0.85

1.05 (0.34, 3.25)

0.94

  1. VaD Vascular dementia, CI Confidence interval
  2. aAdjusted for sex (female = 1) and age
  3. bAdjusted for sex (female = 1), age, body mass index, smoking status, history of diabetes, stroke, transient ischemic attack, head injury and Parkinson’ disease while excluding any individuals with missing values
  4. cAdjusted for sex (female = 1), age, body mass index, smoking status, history of diabetes, stroke, transient ischemic attack, head injury and Parkinson’ disease with missing values imputed by multiple imputation method
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BMC Geriatrics

ISSN: 1471-2318

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