Table 4 Logistic regression analysis for vitamin D deficiency by determinants in women
| Â | 25(OH)D concentration | P value | OR (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
< 20 ng/L | ≥ 20 ng/L |  |  | ||
N(%) | N(%) | Â | Â | ||
Age a | Q1 | 208(9.47) | 237(10.79) | 0.6197 | 1.000 |
Q2 | 311(14.16) | 320(14.57) | 0.9569 | 1.106(0.859–1.425) | |
Q3 | 291(13.25) | 285(12.98) | 0.6194 | 1.154(0.888–1.499) | |
Q4 | 288(13.11) | 256(11.66) | 0.3855 | 1.192(0.907–1.567) | |
Education level | Primary education | 285(12.98) | 362(16.48) | 0.2082 | 1.000 |
Middle education | 477(21.72) | 393(17.90) | 0.2841 | 1.237(0.975–1.568) | |
College or above | 142(6.47) | 133(6.06) | 0.7122 | 1.097(0.794–1.515) | |
Under primary | 194(8.83) | 210(9.56) | 0.3314 | 1.252(0.965–1.625) | |
Physical exercise | Never | 270(25.96) | 243(11.07) | 0.4292 | 1.000 |
Low | 372(16.94) | 364(16.58) | 0.5202 | 0.875(0.689–1.111) | |
High | 456(20.77) | 491(22.36) | 0.4029 | 0.866(0.689–1.089) | |
Milk consumption | No | 341(15.53) | 321(14.16) | 0.0215 | 1.000 |
< 250 ml/day | 542(24.68) | 538(24.50) | 0.8547 | 0.845(0.687–1.040) | |
≥ 250 ml/day | 215(9.80) | 239(10.88) | 0.0126 | 0.691(0.532–0.898) | |
Calcium or vitamin D supplements | No | 919(41.85) | 812(36.98) | Â | 1.000 |
Yes | 179(8.15) | 286(13.02) | < 0.0001 | 0.443(0.355–0.554) | |
BMI b | Q1 | 251(11.43) | 303(13.80) | 0.0068 | 1.000 |
Q2 | 268(12.20) | 280(12.75) | 0.8450 | 1.178(0.922–1.506) | |
Q3 | 271(12.34%) | 278(12.66%) | 0.4542 | 1.129(0.882–1.445) | |
Q4 | 308(14.02%) | 237(10.79%) | 0.0013 | 1.539(1.199–1.974) | |
Community | urban | 792(36.07) | 610(27.78) | Â | 1.000 |
suburb | 306(13.93) | 488(22.22%) | < 0.0001 | 0.394(0.314–0.493) | |