Table 1 Descriptive characteristics of the study population a)
| Â | Male | Female | P value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Median | P25–P75 | Median | P25–P75 |  | ||
BMI | 23.67 | 21.72–25.91 | 23.82 | 21.77–26.06 | 0.1450 | |
age | 72.00 | 68.00–78.00 | 72.00 | 68.00–78.00 | 0.3835 | |
| Â | N (%) | N (%) | Â | |||
Education | Primary education | 337 (20.10) | 661 (29.42) | < 0.0001 | ||
Middle education | 749 (44.66) | 896 (39.88) | Â | |||
College or above | 469 (27.97) | 283 (12.59) | Â | |||
Under primary | 122 (7.27) | 407 (18.11) | Â | |||
Physical exercise | Never | 322 (19.20) | 541 (24.08) | 0.0003 | ||
Low | 548 (32.68) | 744 (33.11) | Â | |||
High | 807 (48.12) | 962 (42.81) | Â | |||
Alcohol consumption | Never | 1092 (65.12) | 2179 (96.97) | < 0.0001 | ||
< 3drink /week | 340 (20.27) | 60 (2.67) |  | |||
≥ 3drink /week | 245 (14.61) | 8 (0.36) |  | |||
Cigarette smoking | Never | 1028 (61.30) | 2216 (98.62) | < 0.0001 | ||
Ex-smoker | 217 (12.94) | 2 (0.09) | Â | |||
Current smoker | 432 (25.76) | 29 (1.29) | Â | |||
Milk consumption | Never | 665 (39.65) | 672 (29.91) | < 0.0001 | ||
< 250 ml/day | 696 (41.50) | 1099 (48.91) |  | |||
≥ 250 ml/day | 316 (18.84) | 476 (21.18) |  | |||
Calcium or vitamin D supplements | No | 1461 (87.12) | 1770 (78.77) | < 0.0001 | ||
Yes | 216 (12.88) | 477 (21.23) | Â | |||
Community | urban | 1105 (65.89) | 1451 (64.57) | 0.3919 | ||
suburb | 572 (34.11) | 796 (35.43) | Â | |||