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Table 2 Association between care receiver/ caregiver characteristics and caregivers’ subjective burden and care-related quality of life

From: Positive and negative outcomes of informal caregiving at home and in institutionalised long-term care: a cross-sectional study

 

SUBJECTIVE BURDEN

QUALITY OF LIFE

 

intercept

(se)

beta

(se)

intercept

(se)

beta

(se)

Care receiver characteristics

Socio-demographic characteristics

 Age

31.535

4.306

.098

.050

66.173

3.473

.174

.033

 Sex

  Male

40.736

1.578

−2.096

.713

77.394

1.718

4.542

.616

  Female

38.641

1.536

2.096

.713

81.936

1.330

−4.542

.616

 Ethnicity

  Native

39.301

1.519

1.870

1.419

80.290

1.492

−1.263

.897

  Non-native

41.171

2.021

−1.870

1.419

79.026

1.466

1.264

.897

 Education

  Low vs. middle

39.158

1.541

.038

.768

80.540

1.587

−.384

.438

  Middle vs. high

39.197

1.525

1.067

1.632

80.156

1.579

−.556

.934

  High vs. low

40.263

2.104

−1.105

1.653

79.600

1.729

.940

.944

 Marital status

  Married/cohabiting

40.283

1.574

−1.551

.705

78.089

1.637

3.962

.538

  Widowed/divorced/single

38.733

1.559

1.551

.705

82.051

1.362

−3.962

.538

Health-related characteristics

 Number of morbidities, ranging from 0 -17 a

35.132

1.686

1.090

.206

82.555

1.691

−.588

.140

 Disability, ranging from 0 to 15 a

30.297

1.435

1.678

.106

81.543

1.852

−.240

.097

 Self-perceived health, ranging from 1 to 5 a

46.662

1.869

−2.990

.427

76.486

1.447

1.549

.270

 Psychological wellbeing, ranging from 5 to 30 a

58.879

2.366

−.860

.081

71.403

1.628

.391

.051

Caregiver characteristics

Socio-demographic characteristics

 Age

40.519

2.596

−.014

.031

88.353

1.435

−.121

.025

 Sex

  Male

35.768

1.804

4.747

.829

83.035

1.164

−3.053

.507

  Female

40.515

1.732

−4.747

.829

79.982

1.102

3.053

.507

 Relationship with care receiver

  Child vs. partner

39.409

1.557

1.124

.767

82.036

1.284

−5.210

.712

  Partner vs. others

40.534

1.579

−4.856

1.257

76.825

1.741

6.165

.752

  Others vs. child

35.678

1.848

3.731

1.251

82.991

1.649

−.955

.772

 Living situation

  Living together

40.323

1.591

−1.602

.737

77.360

4.676

4.977

.606

  Not living together

38.722

1.568

1.602

.737

82.337

1.330

−4.977

.606

Health-Related Characteristics

 Self-perceived health, ranging from 1 to 5 a

57.466

1.863

−5.868

.354

61.606

1.458

6.063

.229

Caregiving-Related Characteristics

 Objective burden, ranging from 0 to 168

35.821

1.435

.224

.015

81.925

1.235

−.105

.019

 Variation in caregiving tasks

   < 2 tasks

31.994

1.515

10.818

.731

82.329

1.147

−3.061

.797

   ≥ 2 tasks

42.811

1.441

−10.818

.731

79.268

1.638

3.061

.797

 Support (hours), ranging from 0 to 168

39.005

1.502

.157

.046

80.144

1.410

.031

.040

  1. Significant results based on mixed-model multilevel analyses (p < 0.05) are in bold
  2. a bold scores are most favourable scores