Table 3 Progressive exercise program for leg strength, leg speed, trunk muscle endurance, limb flexibility, postural stability and walking function

Level 1a

Elevated surface sit to stand

Single leg step up (with bilateral UE support)

Double leg heel raises with counter assist (forefoot elevated surface as needed)

Standing with back against the wall with heels, hips, shoulders and head touching the wall, keeping eyes level-arms down

Arm extended plank position using a counter for support, unilateral arm or leg

extension

Standing chair/counter assist unilateral straight plane leg abduction

sitting - > half-kneeling - > sitting with chair/furniture assistance

Continuous 5–10 min

Level 1b

Sit to stand

Single leg step up (with single UE support)

Double leg heel raises with forearms resting on walls

Standing with back against the wall with heels, hips, shoulders and head touching the wall, keeping eyes level, add in alternating arm raises/double arm raises

Arm extended plank position using a counter for support, alternate arm/leg extension

Standing wall finger tip assist unilateral straight plane leg abduction

sitting - > quadraped - > sitting with chair/furniture assistance

Continuous 10–20 min

Level 2a

Touch and goes (Buttock barely comes to rest on the chair followed by a rapid stand)

Single leg step up without UE support

Double leg concentric raise/single leg eccentric lower

Quadraped alternate arm lifts

Standing no UE assist unilateral straight plane leg abduction

sitting - > quadraped - > supine - > sitting with chair/furniture assistance

Continuous 10–20 min with interval bursts

Level 2b

Chair hover (Butt not allowed to touch the chair (hover) followed by a rapid stand)

Single leg step up with opposite foot toe tap on the step

Single leg concentric/eccentric raises with counter assistance

Quadraped alternate arm/leg lifts

Wall side plank unilateral hip abduction

Standing - > half-kneeling - > standing no chair/furniture assistance; Reverse lunge with no chair/furniture assistance

continuous 20–30 min

Level 3a

air squats or wide leg squats

Single leg step up with opposite foot hover over the step

Single leg concentric/eccentric heel raises with wall assist

Prone alternating arm/leg lifts

Air squat with single leg abduction upon rising

Standing - > quadraped - > standing, no chair/furniture assistance

Continuous 30+ minutes

Level 3b

Tandem sit to stand or wall squat with hold

Single leg step up with opposite leg hip flexion

Increasing reps/excursion of the motion

Prone superman or standing founder

Single leg dead lift

Standing - > supine- > standing, no chair/furniture assistance

Continuous 30+ with interval bursts

Stretch/Low resistance option

Figure 4 stretch seated or supine

Unilateral standing hamstring stretch on stair

Unilateral calf stretch in standing lunge position

cat/cow stretch in quadraped

Single/Double Knee to chest in supine

Unilateral hip flexor stretch in high kneeling or standing

standing arms up/down with breathing