Injurious falls and subsequent adverse drug events among elderly - a Swedish population-based matched case-control study

Table 3 Distribution of clinical characteristics among individuals hospitalized for fall injuries 1–3 weeks prior to the index date stratified by subsequent ADE, n = 92

Clinical characteristics	Category	With ADE n = 60% (95% CI)		Without ADE n = 32% (95% CI)		p-value¹
Prior to the fall injury
CCI	0	55.7	(43.1–68.3)	62.5	(45.7–79.3)	0.506
	1–2	41.7	(29.2–54.2)	35.0	(18.5–51.5)
	3–4	3.4	(0.0–8.0)	0.0
Number of prescribed medications^a	0	5.0	(0.0–10.51)	9.4	(0.0–19.51)	0.367
	1–4	8.3	(1.3–15.3)	18.8	(5.2–32.3)
	5–9	45.0	(32.4–57.6)	34.4	(17.9–50.8)
	>9	41.7	(29.2–54.2)	37.5	(20.7–54.3)
Repeated fallers^b	No	73.8	(64.0–86.0)	66.7	(52.7–84.8)	0.923
Repeated fallers^b	Yes	26.6	(15.5–37.9)	33.3	(17.9–50.8)
After the fall injury^c
Number of new medication	0	60.0	(47.6–72.4)	66.7	(50.3–83.0)	0.525
	1–4	33.2	(21.3–45.1)	28.1	(12.5–43.7)
	>4	6.8	(0.4–13.2)	3.1	(0.0–9.1)
IDU	Yes	11.5	(5.0–21.8)	6.1	(1.6 – 19.6)	0.252
CNS^d medication (any)	Yes	28.3	(16.9–39.7)	15.6	(3.0–28.2)	0.173
Analgesics	Yes	13.3	(4.7–21.9)	3.1	(0.0–9.1)	0.155
Opioids	Yes	21.7	(11.3–32.1)	9.4	(0.0–19.5)	0.162

¹ P-value of Pearson Chi-square tests for comparison of proportion between fall-injured with and without subsequent ADE
^aNumber of different medications four months prior to fall injury
^bConsidering hospitalization for any fall injury up to one year prior to index date
^cNew medications, i.e. medications the individual did not dispense in the four months prior to the fall injury. The presented medication categories are not mutually exclusive
^dAny medication acting on the central nervous system (CNS)

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