Table 4 Bivariate multinomial logistic regression analysis of factors associated with the clusters/subgroups (n = 2294)
Clusters | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Subgroup 1* vs subgroup 4§ | Subgroup 2† vs subgroup 4§ | Subgroup 3‡ vs subgroup 4§ | |||||||
Variables | OR | 95% CI | p value | OR | 95% CI | p value | OR | 95% CI | p value |
Age (years) | 1.02 | (0.98–1.07) | 0.203 | 1.00 | (0.97–1.04) | 0.750 | 1.02 | (0.99–1.05) | 0.144 |
Men (Reference group) | 1.00 | - | - | 1.00 | - | - | 1.00 | - | - |
Women | 1.29 | (0.72–2.32) | 0.390 | 1.22 | (0.77–1.93) | 0.383 | 0.90 | (0.61–1.34) | 0.627 |
High school (secondary) (Reference group) | 1.00 | - | - | 1.00 | - | - | 1.00 | - | - |
Upper secondary school or vocational training ≥2 years | 0.78 | (0.39–1.56) | 0.490 | 1.17 | (0.68–1.99) | 0.558 | 1.08 | (0.67–1.73) | 0.745 |
College or university for ≤2 years | 0.31 | (0.09–1.05) | 0.060 | 1.34 | (0.66–2.75) | 0.413 | 0.93 | (0.48–1.81) | 0.846 |
College or university ≥3 years | 0.85 | (0.34–2.16) | 0.748 | 0.65 | (0.31–1.37) | 0.266 | 0.86 | (0.47–1.57) | 0.630 |
Married (Reference group) | 1.00 | - | - | 1.00 | - | - | 1.00 | - | - |
Single | 1.34 | (0.35–5.14) | 0.661 | 1.53 | (0.61–3.92) | 0.366 | 1.05 | (0.43–2.61) | 0.903 |
Divorced | 1.92 | (0.91–4.01) | 0.082 | 0.93 | (0.51–1.72) | 0.829 | 1.17 | (0.69–1.98) | 0.557 |
Widowed | 1.23 | (0.57–2.63) | 0.594 | 1.07 | (0.58–1.98) | 0.827 | 0.96 | (0.54–1.68) | 0.888 |
EQ-5D-index | 0.02 | (0.01–0.03) | <0.001 | 0.02 | (0.01–0.10) | <0.001 | 0.30 | (0.06–2.24) | 0.281 |
EQ-5D-VAS (0–100) | 0.85 | (0.67–0.99) | 0.022 | 0.98 | (0.97–0.99) | <0.001 | 0.99 | (0.99–1.01) | 0.874 |
GWBS general health | 0.45 | (0.56–0.68) | <0.001 | 0.71 | (0.61–0.82) | <0.001 | 0.66 | (0.62–0.72) | <0.001 |
Insomnia | 1.23 | (1.17–1.28) | <0.001 | 1.13 | (1.08–1.17) | <0.001 | 1.10 | (1.07–1.14) | <0.001 |
Outpatient annual care cost (Euros) | 1.10 | (1.02–1.07) | 0.008 | 1.06 | (1.01–1.12) | 0.029 | 1.00 | (1.00–1.00) | 0.132 |
Inpatient annual care cost (Euros) | 1.11 | (1.01–1.05) | 0.002 | 1.02 | (1.01–1.03) | 0.002 | 1.00 | (1.00–1.00) | 0.084 |
Pain drug annual cost (Euros) | 1.06 | (1.01–1.04) | 0.050 | 1.02 | (1.01–1.03) | 0.040 | 0.99 | (0.99–1.01) | 0.777 |
Total annual drug cost (Euros) | 1.05 | (1.01–1.13) | 0.041 | 1.02 | (1.01–1.04) | 0.050 | 1.00 | (1.00–1.00) | 0.579 |
Total annual health care cost (Euros) | 1.03 | (1.01–1.02) | 0.050 | 1.01 | (1.01–1.02) | 0.050 | 0.99 | (0.99–1.00) | 0.843 |