The impact of frailty on healthcare utilisation in Ireland: evidence from the Irish longitudinal study on ageing

BMC Geriatrics

Table 6 Bivariate and multivariate negative binomial regression models for GP and hospital service utilisation among those adults aged ≥65 years (TILDA wave 1)

	Unadjusted marginal effect			Adjusted marginal effect
	n	Pre-frail	Frail	n	Pre-frail	Frail
General Practitioner visits^a	3501	1.84***	4.40***	3471	1.35***	2.29***
Outpatient clinic visits^b	3504	1.17***	2.32***	3476	0.94***	1.50***
Emergency Department visits^c	3504	0.05	0.24***	3487	−0.001	0.06
Hospital admissions^d	3505	0.12***	0.41***	3481	0.10**	0.23***
Day case procedures^e	3503	0.37***	0.54***	3485	0.30***	0.41***
Nights spent in hospital^f	3504	0.54**	3.11***	3485	0.30*	1.33***

* = p < 0.05, ** = p < 0.01, *** = p < 0.001
The independent variables entered into each service outcome model were:
^aFrailty, disability, multimorbidity, physical health, emotional health, falls, age, gender, living arrangements, healthcare entitlement, education, household location
^bFrailty, disability, multimorbidity, physical health, emotional health, falls, age, gender, healthcare entitlement, household location
^cFrailty, disability, multimorbidity, physical health, emotional health, falls, age, gender
^dFrailty, disability, multimorbidity, physical health, falls, age, gender, healthcare entitlement, household location
^eFrailty, disability, multimorbidity, physical health, emotional health, age, gender, healthcare entitlement
^fFrailty, disability, multimorbidity, physical health, emotional health, falls, age, gender, healthcare entitlement

ISSN: 1471-2318