Table 2 Summary of study findings NOACs vs. VKA
N studies | Effect- model | Effect measure | Stroke/SE | Ischemic stroke | Haemorrhagic stroke | Mortality | Major bleeding | Intracranial bleeding | Gastrointestinal bleeding | Myocardial infarction | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adam et al. 2012 [31] | 3 | REM | RR | Not stated | 0.89 (0.78–1.02) | 0.48 (0.36–0.62) | 0.8 (0.82–0.96) | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated |
Baker et al.2012 [53] | 4 | REM | RR | 0.797 (99% CI 0.695–0.914) | 0.880 (99% CI 0.742–1.044) | 0.445 (99% CI 0.269–0.768) | RR: 0.874 (99% CI 0.803–0.974) | 0.878 (99% CI 0.664–1.160) | Not stated | 1.254 (99% CI 0.827–1.901) | Not stated |
Briceno et al. [29] | 5 | REM | OR | 0.84 (0.72–0.97) subgroup >75 years: 0.77 (0.68–0.87) | Not stated | Not stated | 0.89 (0.84–0.94) | 0.794 (0.647–0.973) | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated |
Capodanno et al. 2013 [47] | 3 | REM | OR | 0.82 (0.74–0.91) | 0.93 (0.82–1.05) | 0.44 (0.30–0.66) | 0.88 (0.82–0.95) | 0.85 (0.69–1.05) | 0.46 (0.38–0.55) | 1.68 (1.03–2.72) | 0.99 (0.71–1.38) |
Dogliotti et al. 2013 [48] | 5 | REM | RR | 0.82 (0.69–0.98) | 0.87 (0.72–1.06) | 0.49 (0.35–0.70) | 0.91 (0.85–0.96) | 0.84 (0.70–1.00) | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated |
Holster et al. 2013 [33] | 8 | REM | OR | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | 0.93 (0.75–1.16) | Not stated | 1.21 (0.91–1.61) | Not stated |
Jia et al. [54] | 5 | REM | RR | 0.86 (0.75–0.99) high dose 0.80 (0.71–0.91) low dose 1.03 (0.84–1.27) | high dose 0.93 (0.84–1.03) low dose 1.13 (1.14–1.49) | high dose 0.50 (0.41–0.62) low dose 0.33 (0.23–0.46) | high dose 0.90 (0.85–0.95) low dose 0.89 (0.83–0.96) | 0.78 (0.64–0.94) high dose 0.86 (0.74–0.99) low dose 0.63 (0.38–1.04) | high dose 0.48 (0.41–0.56) low dose 0.31 (0.24–0.41) | high dose 1.24 (1.10–1.39) low dose 0.52 (0.19–1.00) | high dose 0.97 (0.85–1.11) low dose 1.25 (1.04–1.50) |
Lega et al. [30] | 3 | REM | RR | >75 years: 0.77 (0.67–0.89) <75 years: 0.83 (0.71–0.96) | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | >75 years: 0.90 (0.82–1.00) <75 years: 0.73 (0.65–0.81) | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated |
Liew et al. 2014 [49] | 4 | REM | RR | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | 0.89 (0.85–0.94) | Not stated | 0.42 (0.34–0.53) | Not stated | Not stated |
Miller et al. 2012 [50] | 3 | REM | RR | 0.78 (0.67–0.92) | 0.87 (0.77–0.99) | 0.45 (0.31–0.68) | 0.88 (0.82–0.95) | 0.88 (0.71–1.09) | 0.49 (0.36–0.66) | 1.25 (0.91–1.72) | 0.96 (0.73–1.26) |
Providência et al. 2014 [51] | 7 | REM | RR | 0.84 (0.74–0.95) | 0.97 (0.83–1.14) | Not stated | 0.90 (0.86–0.95) | 0.79 (0.67–0.93) | 0.49 (0.37–0.63) | 1.07 (0.86–1.34) | 1.01 (0.83–1.24) |
Rong et al. 2015 [66] | 4 | REM | RR | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | 0.77 (0.63–0.95) high dose: 0.86 (0.73–1.01) low dose: 0.63 (0.38–1.04) | 0.42 (0.34–0.52) high dose: 0.48 (0.39–0.59) low dose: 0.31 (0.24–0.41) | 1.10 (0.86–1.41) high dose: 1.25 (0.99–1.57) low dose: 0.87 (0.54–1.40) | Not stated |
Ruff et al. 2014 [28] | 4 | REM | RR | 0.81 (0.73–0.91) | 0.92 (0.83–1.02) | 0.49 (0.38–0.64) | 0.90 (0.85–0.95) | 0.86 (0.73–1.00) | 0.48 (0.39–0.59) | 1.25 (1.,01–1.55) | 0.97 (0.78–1.20) |
Sardar et al. 2013 [64] | 3 | REM | OR | 0.85 (0.74–0.99) | Not stated | 0.37 (0.19–0.72) | 0.90 (0.79–1.02) | 0.84 (0.69–1.03) | 0.42 (0.25–0.70) | 1.17 (0.76–1.80) | Not stated |
Senoo et al. [65] | 3 | REM | RR | 0.45 (0.24–0.85) | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | 0.66 (0.29–1.47) | 0.46 (0.18–1.16) | 0.52 (0.25–1.08) | Not stated |
Testa et al. 2012 [52] | 3 | FEM | OR | 0.92 (0.83–1.02) | 0.93 (0.83–1.05) | 0.43 (0.34–0.55) | 0.90 (0.84–0.96) | EC 0.98 (0.91–1.07) | Not stated | Not stated | 1.03 (0.89–1.20) |
NOACs vs. warfarin or ASA or VKA vs. NOACs/PAI (not included in analysis) | |||||||||||
Chatterje et al. 2013 [63] | 6 | REM | OR | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | OR 0.49 (0.36–0.65) | Not stated | Not stated |
Sardar et al. 2014 [32] | 4 | REM | OR | 0.65 (0.48–0.87) | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | 0.82 (0.58–1.16) | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated |
Agarwal et al. 2012 | 8 | FEM | RR | 1.44 (1.18–1.78) | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated |