Table 1 Background characteristics, outcome indicators, and structure indicators
Background characteristics (range) | Total (NÂ =Â 115) | Green care farm (NÂ =Â 34) | Traditional nursing home (NÂ =Â 29) | Regular small- scale living facility (NÂ =Â 52) | p-value | ||||
| Â | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | Â |
Age (59–97) | 83.8 | 7.8 | 82.1 | 8.5 | 82.6 | 8.3 | 85.5 | 6.8 | 0.1 |
Gender (% female) | 75 | 68 | 62 | 87 | 0.03 | ||||
Barthel index (0–20) | 9.7 | 5.9 | 9.1 | 5.7 | 9.4 | 6.6 | 10.3 | 5.7 | 0.6 |
S-MMSE (0–30) | 8.4 | 6.8 | 8.1 | 6.7 | 7.5 | 7 | 9.1 | 6.9 | 0.6 |
Outcome indicators | Total | Green care farm | Traditional nursing home | Regular small- scale living facility | p-value | ||||
| Â | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | Â |
Malnutrition | 12 | 10 | 5 | 15 | 5 | 17 | 2 | 4 | 0.1 |
Missing | 7 | 6 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 7 | 4 | 7 | Â |
Physical restraints | 13 | 11 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 17 | 7 | 13 | 0.1 |
Missing | 6 | 5 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 8 | Â |
Pressure ulcers | 7 | 6 | 4 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 6 | 0.2 |
Missing | 5 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 9 | Â |
Falling incidents | 16 | 14 | 6 | 18 | 3 | 10 | 7 | 13 | 0.7 |
Missing | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | Â |
Medication incidents | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 6 | 0.4 |
Missing | 7 | 6 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 12 | Â |
Antipsychotic use | 22 | 19 | 8 | 23 | 6 | 21 | 8 | 15 | 0.6 |
Missing | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Â |
Structure indicators | Total | Green care farm | Traditional nursing home | Regular small- scale living facility | Â | ||||
Total hours per resident per day (HPRD)* | 3.1 | Â | 3.1 | Â | 3.1 | Â | 3.2 | Â | Â |
HPRD nurse assistant staffing/nurse aid staffing* | 1 | Â | 1.3 | Â | 1.1 | Â | 0.7 | Â | Â |
HPRD Certified nurse assistant staffing* | 1.8 | Â | 1.5 | Â | 1.5 | Â | 2.4 | Â | Â |
HPRD Vocationally trained RN staffing* | 0.3 | Â | 0.4 | Â | 0.4 | Â | 0.1 | Â | Â |
HPRD baccalaureate-educated RN staffing* | 0 | Â | 0 | Â | 0 | Â | 0 | Â | Â |