A comprehensive intervention following the clinical pathway of eating and swallowing disorder in the elderly with dementia: historically controlled study

Table 2 Clinical outcomes examined by the per-protocol analysis

Outcome	Intervention Group (n = 90)	Historical Group (n = 124)	P
AHN removal rate (recovery rate: RR) (%)	51	34	0.02
AHN-free survival rate (at 1 year) (%)^a	28	15	0.01
Overall survival rate (at 1 year) (%)^a	37	28	0.08
Final nutrition methods at discharge (n)			< 0.001
Eating without AHN	45	35
Intravenous drip (peripheral or central venous)	41	63
Tube feedings (PEG or nasogastric tube)	4	26
Continuation of eating at discharge^b (%)	71	49	0.002
Duration of hospitalization (days)	79 ± 48	65 ± 57	0.003
Residence after discharge (n)			0.06
Home	21	46
Nursing facilities	19	21
Other hospitals	21	15
Dead	29	42

Data of numerical variables are presented as mean ± standard deviation
AHN Artificial hydration and/or nutrition; PEG Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy
^aDetails of this measurement are described in Fig. 4
^bIf patients continued to eat at discharge, they were categorized as ‘continuation of eating’ regardless of dependence on AHN

ISSN: 1471-2318