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Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of the elderly patients hospitalised for fall injuries

From: Association of benzodiazepine and Z-drug use with the risk of hospitalisation for fall-related injuries among older people: a nationwide nested case–control study in Taiwan

 

Case

Controls

Unadjusted

ORa

95% CI

n = 2238

%

n = 8645

%

Sex

    

NA

 

 Female

1359

60.7

5222

60.4

  

 Male

879

39.3

3423

39.6

  

Age, years

    

NA

 

 65–74

765

34.2

3046

35.2

  

 75–84

958

42.8

3800

44.0

  

  ≥ 85

515

23.0

1799

20.8

  

Index year

    

NA

 

 2003

175

7.8

682

7.9

  

 2004

214

9.6

836

9.7

  

 2005

211

9.4

817

9.5

  

 2006

218

9.7

855

9.9

  

 2007

257

11.5

1005

11.6

  

 2008

255

11.4

979

11.3

  

 2009

248

11.1

959

11.1

  

 2010

217

9.7

835

9.7

  

 2011

226

10.1

848

9.8

  

 2012

217

9.7

829

9.6

  

Comorbidities within 365 days before index date

 Dementia

197

8.8

550

6.4

1.40

1.18–1.67

 Epilepsy

25

1.1

94

1.1

1.03

0.66–1.61

 Parkinson’s disease

165

7.4

333

3.9

1.98

1.64–2.40

 Cerebrovascular disease

547

24.4

1758

20.3

1.27

1.13–1.42

 Diabetes

629

28.1

2315

26.8

1.09

0.98–1.21

 Hypertension

1296

57.9

5661

65.5

0.73

0.66–0.80

 Ischemia Heart Disease

491

21.9

2341

27.1

0.76

0.68–0.85

Medication exposure within 365 days before index date

  

 Antipsychotics

328

14.7

1011

11.7

1.31

1.14–1.50

 Antidepressants

386

17.3

1089

12.6

1.45

1.28–1.65

 Anticonvulsants

129

5.8

458

5.3

1.11

0.91–1.36

 Thiazide Diuretics

235

10.5

1140

13.2

0.78

0.67–0.90

 Opioids

378

16.9

687

8.0

2.38

2.07–2.73

 

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

  

Age (years)

77.7

7.2

77.3

7.0

NA

 

Charlson Comorbidity Index score

1.4

1.5

1.5

1.5

0.98

0.95–1.01

Numbers of outpatient services in the 180 days before index date

16.5

13.9

19.6

13.1

0.98

0.98–0.99

  1. aSignificant results (p<0.05) are in italicize