Age-related differences in management and outcomes in hospitalized healthy and well-functioning bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia patients: a cohort study

Table 4 In- hospital and 30-day outcomes by age group

Outcome Measures				Non-adjusted analysis		Adjusted analysis^a
	Age < 65 years (N = 132)	Age ≥ 65 years (N = 71)	P value	Odds ratio (95% CI)		P value
In-hospital mortality	3 (2.2)	9 (12.6)	0.004	6.24 (1.63–23.87)	4.22 (0.75–23.69)	0.101
Early mortality	1 (0.7)	6 (8.4)	0.008	12.09 (1.43–102.51)	4.34 (0.36–52.36)	0.248
30-day mortality	3 (2.2)	10 (14.1)	0.001	7.05 (1.87–26.54)	6.83 (1.22–38.22)	0.028
Intensive care unit	38 (28.7)	12 (16.9)	0.060	0.50 (0.24–1.04)	0.14 (0.05–0.39)	<0.001
Invasive mechanical ventilation	13 (9.8)	4 (5.6)	0.301	0.55 (0.17–1.74)	0.32 (0.08–1.32)	0.114
Septic shock	16 (13.4)	8 (12.7)	0.887	0.94 (0.38–2.33)	0.59 (0.19–1.90)	0.377
Length of hospital stay, days^b
Mean (SD)^c	11.02 (17.7)	7.50 (8.2)	0.809	0.85 (0.64–1.13)	0.71 (0.54–0.94)	0.017
Median (IQR)	6 (4–10)	5 (3–8)	0.809
30-day readmission	2 (2.1)	1 (1.7)	1	0.83 (0.07–9.40)

Odds ratios are calculated considering the group of patients with age < 65 years old as the reference group
^aAdjusted analysis: Odds ratio adjusted for CURB (as a continuous variable), sex, heavy drinking, PaO₂ < 60 mmHg, appropriate antibiotic and antibiotic within 4 h
^bDeaths are excluded
^cFor the comparison of length of hospital stay as a continuous variable, a general linear model was used, and due to the skewed distribution of length of stay, these data were log-transformed. Hence, data is given as the exponential of the estimated beta parameter, indicating how many times longer the mean stay of patients ≥65 years was than that of those <65 years old. CI, confidence interval; IQR interquartile range; SD, standard deviation

ISSN: 1471-2318