Table 5 Adjusted mean (standard error) for the Mental Health Component Summary Score for the type and autonomy of social participation, stratified by gender

 Non-participation

3,995

48.44 (0.17)

0.196

5,568

47.65 (0.17)

*

<0.001

p = 0.029

 Very/rather obligatory

341

47.83 (0.33)

298

47.13 (0.36)

*

 Rather voluntary

379

48.11 (0.33)

567

48.13 (0.29)

 Very voluntary

372

48.43 (0.33)

522

48.68 (0.30)

*

*

 Non-participation

3,627

48.37 (0.17)

*

<0.001

4,654

47.58 (0.18)

*

*

<0.001

p = 0.937

 Very/rather obligatory

144

47.26 (0.48)

*

158

46.37 (0.47)

*

*

*

 Rather voluntary

493

48.29 (0.30)

*

757

47.79 (0.26)

*

*

 Very voluntary

811

49.20 (0.26)

*

*

*

1,361

48.60 (0.23)

*

*

*

 Non-participation

3,230

48.34 (0.17)

*

0.009

3,674

47.58 (0.18)

*

<0.001

p = 0.193

 Very/rather obligatory

144

47.59 (0.48)

*

173

46.37 (0.47)

*

 Rather voluntary

720

48.40 (0.26)

1,122

47.79 (0.26)

*

 Very voluntary

983

48.91 (0.24)

*

*

1,962

48.60 (0.23)

*

*

*

 Non-participation

4,531

48.39 (0.17)

0.218

6,350

47.70 (0.17)

0.009

p = 0.801

 Very/rather obligatory

298

47.88 (0.36)

302

47.05 (0.36)

*

*

 Rather voluntary

175

48.74 (0.44)

204

48.43 (0.42)

*

 Very voluntary

85

49.03 (0.63)

91

48.86 (0.61)

*

 Non-participation

2,557

48.33 (0.18)

0.029

3,169

47.57 (0.18)

*

*

<0.001

p = 0.449

 Very/rather obligatory

1,692

48.30 (0.20)

2,623

47.59 (0.20)

*

*

 Rather voluntary

566

48.82 (0.28)

869

48.27 (0.25)

*

*

 Very voluntary

257

49.15 (0.38)

274

49.28 (0.38)

*

*

 Non-participation

4,301

48.41 (0.17)

0.483

5,294

47.67 (0.17)

*

0.001

p = 0.331

 Very/rather obligatory

132

48.10 (0.50)

205

46.96 (0.42)

*

 Rather voluntary

304

48.02 (0.36)

673

47.73 (0.28)

 Very voluntary

357

48.62 (0.34)

773

48.43 (0.27)

*

*