Advertisement
Table 1 Characteristics of long-term care residents in sample
| Characteristics | N | % | Mean Disability (SD) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Full Cohort | 77,165 | 100 | 16.1 (8.4) |
| Age (years) | |||
| 65–74 | 7,859 | 10.2 | 15.1 (8.0)‡ |
| 75–84 | 25,703 | 33.3 | 15.9 (8.6)‡ |
| 85–94 | 36,676 | 47.5 | 16.2 (8.3)‡ |
| 95+ | 6,927 | 9.0 | 17.6 (7.7)‡ |
| Sex | |||
| Female | 54,953 | 71.2 | 16.4 (8.4)‡ |
| Male | 22,212 | 28.8 | 15.4 (8.5)‡ |
| Marital Status | |||
| Married | 18,632 | 17.0 | 17.0 (8.4)‡ |
| Widowed | 46,067 | 16.1 | 16.1(8.4)‡ |
| Never married/Separated/Divorced | 11,299 | 14.8 | 14.8 (8.6)‡ |
| Missing data | 1,167 | 15.7 | 15.7 (8.4)‡ |
| Pre-LTCH Neighborhood Income Quintile | |||
| 1 (low) | 17,671 | 22.9 | 15.4 (8.5)‡ |
| 2 | 13,510 | 17.5 | 16.0 (8.4)‡ |
| 3 | 13,473 | 17.5 | 15.9 (8.5)‡ |
| 4 | 11,790 | 15.3 | 16.4 (8.3)‡ |
| 5 (high) | 10,909 | 14.1 | 16.4 (8.4)‡ |
| Missing data | 9,812 | 12.7 | 17.0 (8.4)‡ |
| Days in LTCH Prior to Index Date | |||
| 0–4 months | 19,202 | 24.9 | 15.3 (8.1)‡ |
| > 4 months - 12 months | 14,045 | 18.2 | 15.0 (8.2)‡ |
| > 1 year - 2 years | 13,854 | 17.9 | 15.3 (8.4)‡ |
| > 2 years - 3 years | 8,515 | 11.0 | 16.1 (8.5)‡ |
| > 3 years | 21,549 | 27.9 | 18.0 (8.6)‡ |
| Prevalent Geriatric Syndromes | |||
| Balance impairment | 59,502 | 77.1 | 18.5 (7.4)‡ |
| Bowel incontinence | 37,966 | 49.2 | 21.4 (5.7)‡ |
| Cognitive status | |||
| Intact or borderline intact | 18,426 | 23.9 | 10.9 (8.0)‡ |
| Mild/moderate impairment | 37,204 | 48.2 | 14.8 (7.5)‡ |
| Moderate-severe/severe impairment | 21,535 | 27.9 | 22.7 (5.8)‡ |
| Hearing impairment | |||
| None | 66,718 | 86.5 | 15.9 (8.5)‡ |
| Hearing impaired | 10,269 | 13.3 | 17.6 (8.0)‡ |
| Missing data | 178 | 0.2 | 15.3 (8.3)‡ |
| Body mass index (BMI) | |||
| BMI < 18.5 | 6683 | 8.7 | 18.7 (7.8)‡ |
| 18.5 ≤ BMI ≤ 25 | 32,614 | 42.3 | 16.7 (8.4)‡ |
| 25 < BMI <30 | 22,134 | 28.7 | 15.2 (8.6)‡ |
| BMI ≥ 30 | 15,734 | 20.4 | 15.0 (8.3)‡ |
| Pain | |||
| None | 46,595 | 60.4 | 16.3 (8.5)‡ |
| Less than daily pain | 17,895 | 23.2 | 15.6 (8.2)‡ |
| Daily or severe daily pain | 12,675 | 16.4 | 16.2 (8.4)‡ |
| Pressure ulcer | 4,834 | 6.3 | 22.2 (6.0)‡ |
| Urinary incontinence | 54,922 | 71.2 | 19.1 (6.8)‡ |
| Visual impairment | |||
| None | 43,701 | 56.6 | 14.4 (8.4)‡ |
| Moderate impairment | 27,264 | 35.3 | 17.5 (7.9)‡ |
| Severe impairment | 6,022 | 7.8 | 22.0 (7.2)‡ |
| Missing | 178 | 0.2 | 15.3 (8.3)‡ |
| Prevalent Chronic Conditions | |||
| Arthritis | 48,114 | 62.4 | 15.8 (8.3)‡ |
| Asthma | 5,740 | 7.4 | 15.4 (8.3)‡ |
| Cancer | 25,016 | 32.4 | 15.3 (8.4)‡ |
| Kidney disease | 17,124 | 22.2 | 16.1 (8.2) |
| Coronary artery disease | 29,999 | 38.9 | 15.6 (8.4)‡ |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 16,823 | 21.8 | 15.0 (8.3)‡ |
| Dementia | 65,291 | 84.6 | 16.6 (8.3)‡ |
| Diabetes | 24,456 | 31.7 | 16.0 (8.3) |
| Epilepsy | 5,262 | 6.8 | 18.1 (8.3)‡ |
| Heart failure | 19,430 | 25.2 | 15.9 (8.1)† |
| Limb paralysis or amputation | 7,031 | 9.1 | 20.2 (6.5)‡ |
| Mood disorders | 32,389 | 42.0 | 16.4 (8.3)‡ |
| Parkinson’s disease | 7,082 | 9.2 | 18.7 (7.6)‡ |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 7,132 | 9.2 | 16.0 (8.1) |
| Psychiatric conditions other than depression and dementia | 21,288 | 27.6 | 15.1 (8.5)‡ |
| Stroke | 17,005 | 22.0 | 17.4 (7.9)‡ |
