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Table 1 Characteristics of long-term care residents in sample

From: Disability in long-term care residents explained by prevalent geriatric syndromes, not long-term care home characteristics: a cross-sectional study

Characteristics

N

%

Mean Disability (SD)

 Full Cohort

77,165

100

16.1 (8.4)

 Age (years)

 

  65–74

7,859

10.2

15.1 (8.0)

  75–84

25,703

33.3

15.9 (8.6)

  85–94

36,676

47.5

16.2 (8.3)

  95+

6,927

9.0

17.6 (7.7)

 Sex

 

  Female

54,953

71.2

16.4 (8.4)

  Male

22,212

28.8

15.4 (8.5)

 Marital Status

 

  Married

18,632

17.0

17.0 (8.4)

  Widowed

46,067

16.1

16.1(8.4)

  Never married/Separated/Divorced

11,299

14.8

14.8 (8.6)

  Missing data

1,167

15.7

15.7 (8.4)

 Pre-LTCH Neighborhood Income Quintile

  1 (low)

17,671

22.9

15.4 (8.5)

  2

13,510

17.5

16.0 (8.4)

  3

13,473

17.5

15.9 (8.5)

  4

11,790

15.3

16.4 (8.3)

  5 (high)

10,909

14.1

16.4 (8.4)

  Missing data

9,812

12.7

17.0 (8.4)

 Days in LTCH Prior to Index Date

  0–4 months

19,202

24.9

15.3 (8.1)

   > 4 months - 12 months

14,045

18.2

15.0 (8.2)

   > 1 year - 2 years

13,854

17.9

15.3 (8.4)

   > 2 years - 3 years

8,515

11.0

16.1 (8.5)

   > 3 years

21,549

27.9

18.0 (8.6)

Prevalent Geriatric Syndromes

  Balance impairment

59,502

77.1

18.5 (7.4)

  Bowel incontinence

37,966

49.2

21.4 (5.7)

 Cognitive status

  Intact or borderline intact

18,426

23.9

10.9 (8.0)

  Mild/moderate impairment

37,204

48.2

14.8 (7.5)

  Moderate-severe/severe impairment

21,535

27.9

22.7 (5.8)

 Hearing impairment

  None

66,718

86.5

15.9 (8.5)

  Hearing impaired

10,269

13.3

17.6 (8.0)

  Missing data

178

0.2

15.3 (8.3)

 Body mass index (BMI)

  BMI < 18.5

6683

8.7

18.7 (7.8)

  18.5 ≤ BMI ≤ 25

32,614

42.3

16.7 (8.4)

  25 < BMI <30

22,134

28.7

15.2 (8.6)

  BMI ≥ 30

15,734

20.4

15.0 (8.3)

 Pain

  None

46,595

60.4

16.3 (8.5)

  Less than daily pain

17,895

23.2

15.6 (8.2)

  Daily or severe daily pain

12,675

16.4

16.2 (8.4)

  Pressure ulcer

4,834

6.3

22.2 (6.0)

  Urinary incontinence

54,922

71.2

19.1 (6.8)

 Visual impairment

  None

43,701

56.6

14.4 (8.4)

  Moderate impairment

27,264

35.3

17.5 (7.9)

  Severe impairment

6,022

7.8

22.0 (7.2)

  Missing

178

0.2

15.3 (8.3)

Prevalent Chronic Conditions

 Arthritis

48,114

62.4

15.8 (8.3)

 Asthma

5,740

7.4

15.4 (8.3)

 Cancer

25,016

32.4

15.3 (8.4)

 Kidney disease

17,124

22.2

16.1 (8.2)

 Coronary artery disease

29,999

38.9

15.6 (8.4)

 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

16,823

21.8

15.0 (8.3)

 Dementia

65,291

84.6

16.6 (8.3)

 Diabetes

24,456

31.7

16.0 (8.3)

 Epilepsy

5,262

6.8

18.1 (8.3)

 Heart failure

19,430

25.2

15.9 (8.1)

 Limb paralysis or amputation

7,031

9.1

20.2 (6.5)

 Mood disorders

32,389

42.0

16.4 (8.3)

 Parkinson’s disease

7,082

9.2

18.7 (7.6)

 Peripheral vascular disease

7,132

9.2

16.0 (8.1)

 Psychiatric conditions other than depression and dementia

21,288

27.6

15.1 (8.5)

 Stroke

17,005

22.0

17.4 (7.9)

  1. All p-values from ANOVAs to test differences in ADL LFS across different levels of each category
  2. p-value <0.01
  3. p-value <0.0001