Language background in early life may be related to neuropsychiatry symptoms in patients with Alzheimer disease

BMC Geriatrics

Table 3 Linear regression models of NPI-Q scores and Japanese education for all, lower level of education and higher level of education

Predictor	β	Standard error	T	P value
Model 1 (All subjects, n = 250)
Age	−0.001	0.496	−0.015	0.988
Gender^a	−0.004	3.746	−0.064	0.949
GDS	0.039	0.512	0.615	0.539
CDR-SOB	0.148	0.611	2.328	0.021^*
Japanese education^b	0.159	3.833	2.320	0.021^*
Model 2 (Low educational group, n = 140)
Age	0.013	0.725	0.148	0.883
Gender	−0.073	5.438	−0.832	0.407
GDS	0.041	0.785	0.485	0.628
CDR-SOB	0.076	0.956	0.882	0.379
Japanese education	0.220	5.367	2.499	0.014^*
Model 3 (High educational group, n = 110)
Age	−0.001	0.633	−0.012	0.990
Gender	0.149	5.305	1.365	1.175
GDS	0.013	0.617	0.135	0.892
CDR-SOB	0.246	0.717	2.559	0.012^*
Japanese education	−0.064	5.653	−0.596	0.552

MMSE Mini-Mental State Examination, CDR-SOB Clinical Dementia Rating Scale Sum of Boxes scores, GDS Geriatric Dementia Scale
Note: Gender^a: 0 = male, 1 = female, Japanese education^b: 0 = Without Japanese education, 1 = With Japanese education, β = unstandardized beta coefficient, T = test statistics
^* for p < 0.05, Subjects received education ≧9 years were classified as high-educational group, <9 years as low-educational group, 9 years of education was the median and mean of total subjects

ISSN: 1471-2318